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BACTERIOLOGY LECTURE > BACTERIOLOGY SIMLAB > Flashcards

BACTERIOLOGY SIMLAB Flashcards

1
Q

most commonly used stain in the clinical microbiology laboatory

A

Gram Stain

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2
Q

Procedure of Gram Stain

A

Crystal Violet - 60 secs
Gram’s Iodine - 60 secs
Acetone Alcohol - 30 secs
Safranin - 60 secs

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3
Q

Color of gram-positive bacteria

A

violet/blue

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4
Q

Color of gram-negative bacteria

A

red/pink

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5
Q

What are gram-positive cocci

A

Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Lactococcus
Viridans streptococcus
Enterococcus

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6
Q

What are gram-negative cocci

A

Neisseria
Veillonella
Moraxella

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7
Q

Gram-positive bacilli

A

Mycobacterium
Corynebacterium
Clostridium
Bacillus
Erysipelothrix
Lactobacilli
Listeria

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8
Q

Gram-negative bacilli

A

Escherichia
Klebsiella
Enterobacter
Serratia
Hafnia
Yersinia
Pseudomonas
Proteus
Morganella
Shigella
Salmonella

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9
Q

used to differentiate acid-fast organisms such as mycobacteria by staining their mycolic acid

A

Acid Fast Stain

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10
Q

Procedure of Acid Fast Stain

A

Carbolfuchsin - 10-15 mins
Heat
Acid Alcohol - 30 seconds
Methylene Blue - 60 seconds

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11
Q

Color of Acid Fast Bacteria (AFB)

A

Red/Pink

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12
Q

Color of Non - Acid Fast Bacteria

A

Blue/Violet

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13
Q

Give an example of Acid Fast Organism

A

Mycobacterium
Isospora
Cryptosporidium
Nocardia

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14
Q

Give an example of Non-Acid Fast Organism

A

Chlamydia
Rickettsia
Ureaplasma
Mycoplasma
Spirochetes

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15
Q

Bartlett’s Criteria

A

> 25 PMNs and <10 Epithelial Cells

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16
Q

Stain for spore-forming bacteria

A

Schaeffer-Fulton

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17
Q

what is the interpretation of +n

A

1-9 AFB seen in 100 OIF

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18
Q

what is the interpretation of +1

A

10-99 AFB seen in 100 OIF

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19
Q

what is the interpretation of +2

A

1-10 AFB/OIF in at least 50 fields

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20
Q

what is the interpretation of +3

A

> 10 AFB/OIF in at least 20 fields

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21
Q

Bacteria that are Rapid Lactose Fermenters (RLF)

A

Escherichia
Klebsiella
Enterobacter

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22
Q

Bacteria that are Late Lactose Fermenters (LLF)

A

Serratia
Hafnia
Yersinia

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23
Q

Bacteria that are Non-Lactose Fermenters (NLF)

A

Pseudomonas
Proteus
Morganella
Shigella
Salmonella

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24
Q

what is the interpretation of O

A

No AFB seen in 300 oil immersion field (OIF)

25
Q

IMViC Reaction of Escherichia

A

+ + - -

26
Q

IMViC Reaction of Klebsiella

A
      • +
27
Q

IMViC Reaction of Enterobacter

A
      • +
28
Q

What does the PYR test detect?

A

L-pyrrolidonyl arylamidase.

29
Q

What is the function of endospores in bacteria?

A

Structure resistant to heat, cold, drying, and
chemical agents; contains calcium dipicolinic acid.

30
Q

What is the indicator for autoclave sterilization?

A

Bacillus stearothermophilus

31
Q

What is the indicator for oven sterilization?

A

Bacillus subtilis var niger

32
Q

Name a group of bacteria that are non-motile.

A

Shigella
Klebsiella
Yersinia pestis

33
Q

Which bacteria are routinely screened for in a stool
specimen?

A

Salmonella
Shigella
Campylobacter

34
Q

What is the purpose of the Acid Fast Stain?

A

To identify organisms with mycolic acid /
hydroxymethoxy acid in their cell walls

35
Q

What is the purpose of enrichment media?

A

For enhanced growth of organisms.

36
Q

What is the purpose of enriched media?

A

For fastidious organisms

37
Q

Name an inhibitor for gram-positive organisms.

A

Crystal violet and sodium desoxycholate.

38
Q

Name an inhibitor for gram-negative organisms.

A

Sodium azide, potassium tellurite

39
Q

What is the purpose of the optochin test?

A

Identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

40
Q

What is the indicator/reagent used in the coagulase
test?

A

Rabbit plasma.

41
Q

What does the DNAse test detect?

A

Deoxyribonuclease activity.

42
Q

What does the CAMP test differentiate?

A

Group B from Group A Streptococcus.

43
Q

Detects Ability to split indole from
tryptophan due to the presence of
tryptophanase.

A

Indole Test

44
Q

What is an indole test reagent?

A

Kovac’s Reagent: P-dimethylamino benzaldehyde

45
Q

Detects acid Ph which indicates glucose
fermentation

A

Methyl Red Test

46
Q

What is Vogues-Proskauer
Test Principle

A

Detects production of acetylmethyl
carbinol (acetoin)

47
Q

What is Vogues-Proskauer
Test Reagent?

A

Alpha-naphthol
40% KOH (Barrit’s reagent)

48
Q

What is the Citrate Test Principle?

A

To determine if an organism can utilized citrate as the sole carbon source

49
Q

What is the Urease Test Principle?

A

To determine if an organism can hydrolyze of urea

50
Q

What are the Indole-positive bacteria?

A

PECK ME Pro Pls

Providencia
Edwardsiella
Citrobacter
Klebsiella oxytoca
Morganella
Escherichia
Proteus
Plesiomonas

51
Q

What are the Vogues-Proskauer-positive bacteria?

A

KESHa

Klebsiella pneumoniae
Enterobacter
Serratia
Hafnia
S.aureus

52
Q

What are the Citrate-positive bacteria?

A

PECKS

Pseudomonas
Enterobacter
Citrobacter
Klebsiella
Serratia Marcescens

53
Q

Used for presumptive identification of Gram-negative enteric bacteria used to test a microorganism’s ability to
ferment sugars and produce hydrogen sulfide.

A

Triple Sugar Iron Agar

54
Q

A/A, H2S -, Gas +

A

Escherichia
Klebsiella
Enterobacter

55
Q

K/A, w/ Gas , H2S +

A

Salmonella
Proteus
Arizonae
Citrobacter
Edwardsiella tarda

56
Q

K/A, w/ Gas , H2S -

A

Providencia
Morganella
Shigella

57
Q

K/K, H2S -

A

Pseudomonas
Burkholderia

58
Q

ONPG Test Principle

A

To determine the ability of an organism
to produce beta-galactosidase
Beta galactosidase converts ONPG to
ortho-nitrophenol

BACTERIOLOGY LECTURE (5 decks)

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