Bacterial Taxonomy Flashcards
Circular(Coccus)
Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Neisseria
Branching Filamentous
Actinomyces, Nocardia(weakly acid fast)
Pleomorphic
Rickettsiae(giemsa), Chlamydiae (Giemsa)
Spiral
Spirochetes: Borrelia(giemsa), Leptospira, Treponema
No cell wall
Mycoplasma-does not Gram stain.
Rod-Gram Positive
Colstridium, Corynebacterium, bacillus, Listeria, Mycobacterium(acid fast), Gardnerella (gram variable)
Rod-Gram negative enterics
E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter, Serratia, Vibrio, Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Peudomonas, Bacteroides.
Rod gram negative respiratory
Haemophilus(pleomorphic), Legionella(silver) Bordetella
Rod Gram negative, Zoonotic
Francisella, Brucella, Pasteurella, Bartonella
Other Gram Positive
Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Nocardia, Mycoplasma(doesn’t gram stain)
other Gram negative
Neisseria, Rickettsiae, Chlamydiae, Borrelia, Leptospira, Treponema
Gram stain, These Microbes May Lack Real Color
Treponema, (too thin, use dark field microscopy and fluro AB staining)
Mycobacteria(high lipids in cell wall- detected by carbolfuchsin in acid fast stain))
Mycoplasma(no cell wall)
Legionella pneumophila (primarily intracellular use silver stain
Rickettsia (intracellular parasite)
Chlamydia(intracellular parasite, lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
Giemsa stain, Certain Bugs really try my patience
Chlamydia, Borrelia, Rickettsiae, Trypanosomoes, Palsmodium
PAS stain
stains glycogen, mucopolysaccharides, used to diagnose whipple disease (tropheryma whipplei)
Ziehl Neelsen ( Carbol Fuchsin)
Acid fast organisms. Mocardia, Mycobacterium
India Ink Staining
Cryptococcus neoformans
Silver Stain
Fungi, Legionella, helicobacter pylori
obligate aerobes(nagging pests must breathe)
Nocardia, Peudonmonas aeruginosa, and MycoBacerium tuberculosis
P. Aeruginosa is
an aerobe seen in burn wounds, complications of diabetes, nosocomial pneumonia in cystic fibrosis.
obligate anaerobes, Can’t Breathe Air
Clostridium, Bacteroides, and Actinomyces (normal in GI tract and pathogenic elsewhere) (Aminoglycosides are ineffective)
Obligate inracellular
Rickettsia, Chlamydia( can’t make own ATP
Facultative intracellular(Some Nasty Bugs May Live FaculttativeLY
Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucellea, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Yersinia Pestis.
Encapsulated bacteria SHiNE SKiS
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilius influenzae type B, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and group B Strep
Capsule serve as
antiphagocytic virulence factor, if you add protein conjugate it serves as an antigen in faccines
encapsulated bacteria are cleared
by spleen and are opsonized,
Asplenic encapsulated bacteria have a lower
opsonizing ability and are at risk for sever infections, (S. Pneumoniae, H. Influenzae, N. Meningitidis vaccines.
Catalase positive organisms, (you need PLACESS for your Cats)
degrades H2O2 before it can be convereted by myeloperoxidase
people with chronic granulomatous disease (NADPH oxidase deficiency) have
recurrent infections with catalase +organisms.
