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Bacterial Morphology And Structure Flashcards

1
Q

Living organism prokaryotes

A

Bacteria

Archaea

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2
Q

Living organism eukaryotes

A

Algae
Protozoa ( unicellular )
Helminths
Fungi

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3
Q

Shape of coc us

A

Round

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4
Q

Variation of shape of coccus

A

Coffee bean
Lancet
Diplococci

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5
Q

Shape of baccilus

A

Rod shape

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6
Q

Variations of bacillus

A

Club shape
Comma
Filamentous
Coccobacilli

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7
Q

Shape of spiral

A

Coiled

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8
Q

Bacteria among the smallest

A

Rickettsia,

Mycoplasma

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9
Q

Bacteria among the biggest

A

Bacillus megatorium
Bacillus anthracis
Cyanobacteria

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10
Q

tight or loose attachment

A

Capsule or slime layer

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11
Q

Encapsulated

Size may be 2-3 times the bacteria

A

Pneumococci,
Meningococci,
B.anthracis,
C.perfringens

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12
Q

Capsule or slime layer

A 
Hiss stain (clear space),
Quellung reaction         
Antiphagocytic, 
antigenic,
virulence
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13
Q

Complex polysaccharides

A 
Streptococcus,
Enterobacter        
Hyaluronic acid-group A 
Streptococcus        
Not essential to life of bacteria
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14
Q

Gives form and rigidity,support to bacteria, vs.osmotic pressure
Absent in mycoplasma

A

Cell wall-murein sacculus

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15
Q

Cell wall-murein sacculus

principal structural sugar backbone

A

Peptidoglycan

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16
Q

Cell wall-murein sacculus essential for

A

Cell wall growth,
sporulation,
cell septation and
competency for transformation

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17
Q

Cell wall-murein sacculus multilayered in

A

Gram positive

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18
Q

Cell wall-murein sacculus mono layered in

A

Gram negative

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19
Q

Cell wall of gram positive

A

Multilayer peptidoglycans
With teichoic acid
No LPS
No lipoprotein and phospholipid

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20
Q

Cell wall of gram negative

A

Mono layer peptidoglycans
No teichoic acid
With LPS
With lopoprotein and phospholipid

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21
Q

Cell Wall Defective Form

A

I phase variants

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22
Q

Bacteria w/o cell wall

A

Protoplast

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23
Q

Bacteria with with outer membrane

A

Spheroplast

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24
Q

Plasma cell or cytoplasmic membrane

A

between interior and exterior of cell

  • Selectively permeable
  • Contain Electron Transport System
  • Made up of lipoprotein and lipopolysaccharide
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25
Q

Bacterial nucleus(nucleiod)-

A

not a true nucleus.
without nuclear membrane and nucleolus.
prokaryotic cell appear as concentrated DNA in cytoplasm bearer of hereditary characteristics

26
Q

Bacterial cytoplasm

A

Ribosomes-globular structures,
composed of RNA molecules,
involve in protein synthesis

27
Q

Storage granules or inclusion bodies-

A

temporarily holds excess metabolites

28
Q

-made up of volutin. LAMB stain

A

metachromatic granules-C.diptheriae

29
Q

Much granules

A
  • M.tuberculosis

- gram+ granules

30
Q

organ of locomotion originate from cytoplasmic membrane slender whip like structure, made up of protein flagellin

31
Q

(single polar

A

Monotrichous

32
Q

(bundle at one end

A

lophotrichous

33
Q

(both ends

A

Amphitrichous

34
Q

(all around

A

peritrichous

35
Q

(without flagella

36
Q

-Proteus seen in bacilli

A

Swarming phenomenon

37
Q

-used for serologic classification not vital to survival of bacteria, not required for virulence or viability

A

Antigenic(flagellar H antigen)

38
Q

Part of flagella that extend into the exterior environment

39
Q

Part of flagella that composed of identical sub unit of a protein

40
Q

)-threadlike structures

A

Pili(fimbriae

41
Q

-thousands of pili around bacteria

A

Common pili

42
Q

-one or two glycoprotein in a bacterium

43
Q

Function of pili

A

adhesion,
sexual,
virulence pili found only in gram negative

44
Q

found in gram negative bacteria, additional membrane above peptidoglycan layer

A

Outer membrane

45
Q

Outer membrane composed of

A

lipid bilayer,
proteins(porins),
LPS-lipid A,
a polysaccharide rich core and a polysaccharide side chain

46
Q

Outer membrane

polysaccharide designated as

47
Q

Outer membrane

lipid portion responsible for biologic effects of

48
Q

-resistant structures which enable bacteria to withstand adverse environmental conditions(viability) found only in few bacteria

A

Spores(endospores)

49
Q

_________ bacteria have more complex envelope than _________

A

Gram negative

Gram positive

50
Q

Teichoic acid only in

A

gram + bacteria

51
Q

Pili seen only in

A

gram negative bacteria

52
Q

Spores seen only in certain

A

gram + bacteria

53
Q

Kinds of Stains

A
  1. Simple or Direct Stain

2. Differential Stain

54
Q

Color of gram positive

55
Q

Color of gram negative

56
Q

All bacilli are gram negative except

A

Mycobacterium,
Corynebacterium,
Bacillus,
Clostridium

57
Q

All cocci are gram positive except

A

Neisseria,
Veilonella,
Branhamella Spiral,

58
Q

All bacteria are non acid fast except

A

Mycobacterium and

Nocardia(partially acid fast

59
Q

-Ziehl Neelsen, Kinyoun stain bacteria stains red vs. blue background, resist decolorizer differentiate acid fast from non acid fast, mycolic acid

A

Acid Fast stain

60
Q

-background will appear dark ex. India ink-capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Indirect Stain

61
Q

Special or Selective stain-

A 
Dyer-(cell wall)    
Fisher and Conn(flagella),
Dorner (spore), 
L.A.M.B.stain(metachromatic granules),    
Hiss (capsule
62
Q

Non living infectious agents

A

Viruses
Viroids
Prions

Microbiology (6 decks)

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