Bacterial Diversity

Question 1

Oxygenic phototrophs.

Answer 1

cyanobacteria

Question 2

Firmicutes, tenericutes, actinobacteria.

Answer 2

gram-positive

Question 3

Proteobacteria.

Answer 3

gram-negative

Question 4

Spirochetes, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Chlorobi.

Answer 4

gram-negative

Question 5

Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Chlamydiae.

Answer 5

PVC Superperphylum

Question 6

All extremophiles are Archaea, true or false?

Answer 6

false

Question 7

The “deep-branching” bacteria include extremophiles that have a similar physiology to archaea, and our found in the same habitats, true or false?

Answer 7

true

Question 8

Deep branching thermophiles generally exhibit…?

Answer 8

fast growth rates as well as high rates of mutation

Question 9

What are the most extreme bacterial hyper thermophiles?

Answer 9

aquificae and thermotogae

Question 10

What do the genomes of aquificae and thermotogae show?

Answer 10

extensive horizontal transfer of archeal genes

Question 11

A flagellated rod, energy from the H2 oxidation.

Answer 11

aquifex pyrophilu

Question 12

Forms filamentous mats in hydrothermal vents.

Answer 12

thermocrinis ruber

Question 13

Uses anaerobic respiration, respires on sulfur.

Answer 13

thermotoga maritima

Question 14

Phylum deinococcus-thermus.

Answer 14

moderate thermophile (70-75 degrees), extremely resistant to ionizing radiation and desiccation

Question 15

Deinococcus radiodurans bacterium.

Answer 15

withstand exposure to extremely high dosages of ionizing radiation and desiccation, each cell has multiple copies of the chromosome

Question 16

What are the only oxygenic photoautotrophic prokaryotes?

Answer 16

phylum cyanobacteria because they contain chlorophyll a and b

Question 17

All of the earth’s oxygen gas in the atmosphere comes from…?

Answer 17

cyanobacteria and plant chloroplasts that evolved from an ancient cyanbacterium

Question 18

Many cyanobacteria can also conduct…?

Answer 18

photolithoautotrophy

Question 19

What are the 3 types of pigments in cyanobacteria?

Answer 19

chlorophyll, carotenoids, phycoerythrins

Question 20

What are gram-positives 3 distinct phylogenetic branches?

Answer 20

firmicutes, actinobacteria, tenericutes

Question 21

What shape are firmicutes?

Answer 21

bacillus

Question 22

Firmicutes are vegetative cells that inert carotenoids in times of stress, true or false?

Answer 22

false, endospores

Question 23

Firmicutes, genus clostridium.

Answer 23

endospores are resistant to killing by desiccation and low levels of radiation

Question 24

Non-spore forming firmicutes.

Answer 24

staphylococcus and streptococcus

Question 25

What forms complex multicellular filaments resembling the fuzzy form of fungi?

Answer 25

actinomycetes

Question 26

what has a triple layer gram-negative cell envelope, had diversity of metabolism arrise from biochemical add-ons, and has diverse lifestyles?

Answer 26

proteobacteria

Question 27

What are nitrogen fixers and plant roots?

Answer 27

alphaproteobacteria which are endosymbionts