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MBE3 > Bacteria-Oral Bacteria B-with highlights > Flashcards

Bacteria-Oral Bacteria B-with highlights Flashcards

1
Q

Endodontic infections are ……………. infections

that are …………………..

A

Endodontic infections are endogenous infections

that are opportunistic

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2
Q

……………………… infections associated with the

teeth and surrounding supporting

A

Pyogenic infections associated with the

teeth and surrounding supporting

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3
Q

Bacteria in root canal infections are?

A

cultivaded

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4
Q

Enterococcus faecilis

A 
• Found often in cases of
chronic apical infection and
failed root canal treatments
• normal levels are very low
but this organism is very hardy
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5
Q

Bacteroids and prevotella

A

Most frequently culticated root canal infections

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6
Q

Anachoresis (3) (via pulpal
…………supply) during
bacteremia from ……………… at different site

A

Anachoresis (3) (via pulpal
blood supply) during
bacteremia from tooth
extraction at different site

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7
Q

bacteria commonly isolated from dentoaleolar absesses.

A

Faculative anerobes: Step.

obligate anerobes: prevotella

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8
Q

Ludwigs Angina;
A spreading, …………… infection of the …………….and …………………… spaces.
…………….. of the fascial spaces rather than true …………….. formation.

A

A spreading, bilateral infection of the sublingual and submandibular spaces.
Cellulitis of the fascial spaces rather than true abscess formation.

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9
Q

Ludwig􀀁s Angina

Without treatment

A

Airway obstruction - death by asphyxiation

without intervention

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10
Q

Mixed endogenous infection:

A

Porphyromonas spp.
Prevotella spp.
Fusobacteria
Anaerobic streptococci

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11
Q

Localized collection of pus caused by acute or chronic destruction of periodontium
Endogenous, subgingival plaque bacteria

A

Periodontal Abscess

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12
Q

Suppurative Osteomyelitis of the Jaws

A 
Same organisms as above but involves bone
Porphyromonas spp.
Prevotella spp.
Fusobacteria
Anaerobic streptococci
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13
Q

Cervicofacial Actinomycosis

A 
endogenous, granulomatous disease
65% in cervicofacial region
Actinomyces (oral commensal)
visible granules in pus
􀀁sulphur granules􀀂
= collections of bacteria
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14
Q

Oral manifestations of bacterial infections

Syphilis

A

congenital: Hutchinson’s incisors, mulberry molars
primary and secondary syphilis lesions
gummas (granulomatous lesions)

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15
Q

Oral manifestations of bacterial infections

Tuberculosis

A

oral lesions in up to 5% of primary and secondary tuberculosis cases
ulcers on palate and gingiva

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16
Q

Leprosy

A

For leprosy just know there are

many oral manifestations

17
Q

Bacterial infections of salivary glands are mostly?

A

often Staphylococcus

18
Q

Diseases or situations associated with

oral bacteria or their components

A 
Infective endocarditis
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Nephritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Behçet􀀁s disease (chronic
inflammatory disorder with oral
ulcers)
Atherosclerosis
Low-birth-weight infants
19
Q

Infective endocarditis

Strep adhere to platelets through?

A

adhesions and platelettes

20
Q

Aggrestion of platelets requires crosslinking of?

A

Fibrogen molecules

21
Q

Heat shock proteins (HSPs

A

Microbial HSPs are very similar to human HSPs that are normally shielded
within cells. Antibodies elicited by bacterial HSPs can cross-react with
exposed human HSPs (e.g. present in damaged tissue). If immune
complexes are deposited in the arterial wall (atherosclerosis), joints
(arthritis), or mucous membranes (Behçet􀀁s disease), HSP 􀀂mimicry􀀃 can
contribute to systemic disease.

22
Q

Autorecognition induced by oral microorganisms

A

Streptococcus sanguinis express an epitope within PAAP (plateletaggregation
associated protein), which is similar to the arthritogenic epitope
of type II collagen. In a murine arthritis model, S. sanguinis infection
exacerbates arthritis.
Interestingly, exposure of neonatal mice to PAAP+ S. sanguinis inhibited
development of autoimmune arthritis in the adult (early exposure
protective?).

23
Q

TNF alpha and IL-1beta enter …………and induce the ………… to produce acute phase eractants such a ….CRP

A

TNF alpha and IL-1beta enter circulation and induce the Liver to produce acute phase reactants such a CRP causing exaberation of existing diseases.

24
Q

The mucosal barrier

Contains

A

Toll-like receptors
TLRs recognize PAMPs (Pathogen-
Associated Molecular Patterns)

25
Q

TLR2

A

Lipoarabinomannan, peptidoglycan, mannan

26
Q

TLR4

A

Lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic acid

27
Q

TLR6

A

Lipopolysaccharide

28
Q

TLR10

A

Lipopolysaccharide

29
Q

Innate host defenses
Oral surfaces
Defensins:

A 
Small peptides (proteins) that form
pores in bacterial membranes,
disrupting cells.
HBD-1 (human b-defensin 1) is the main
defensin produced by epithelial cells.
Bacterial membranes are susceptible
due to their high phospholipid content.
30
Q 
Defensins
Calprotectin
Small peptides (proteins) that form
pores in bacterial membranes,
disrupting cells.
......................(.................) is the main
defensin produced by epithelial cells.
Bacterial membranes are susceptible
due to their high phospholipid content.
A 
Defensins
Calprotectin
Small peptides (proteins) that form
pores in bacterial membranes,
disrupting cells.
HBD-1 (human b-defensin 1) is the main
defensin produced by epithelial cells.
Bacterial membranes are susceptible
due to their high phospholipid content.
31
Q

Innate host defenses
Oral surfaces
Desquamation
Adherent mucin layer

A 
Mucins attached to mucosal surface
form a selectively permeable layer (a
mucus coat analogous to a bacterial
capsule). Mucins are glycoproteins and
carbo-hydrates portion form a sticky
slippery gel.
MG1 and MG2 are mucins in oral cavity.
32
Q

Commensal oral microbiota

A

Endogenous bacteria keep out new bacteria, and the stimulate immune system. But
they can cause disease when the balance shifts.

33
Q

Innate host defenses

Fluid phase: saliva

A

0.5 - 1.5 liters per day secreted into the mouth
MG1 and MG2 aggregate and clear oral
microbes via lectin-like interactions

34
Q

Lysozyme

A

Degrades peptidoglycan by cutting bond

between NAG and NAM (muramidase)

35
Q

Mucosal lymphocytes
resting memory cells awaiting reexposure; their role upon
reexposure is mainly cytokine production

A

Lamina propria lymphocytes

36
Q

Mucosal lymphocytes
: surveillance for pathogens and removal of stressed and infected
epithelial cells

A

Intraepithelial lymphocytes

37
Q

flushes gingival crevice, removing microbes and products. Health vs inflammation: more
serum-like composition during inflammation (vs tissue-like composition)

A

Gingival crevicular fluid

38
Q

IgG, IgA, and IgM

GCF is major source of …………. in oral cavity: 95% are …………….

A

IgG, IgA, and IgM

GCF is major source of leukocytes in oral cavity: 95% are neutrophils

MBE3 (13 decks)

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