bacteria

Question 1

gram positive cocci, catalase positive, coagulase positive

Answer 1

Staph aureus

Question 2

gram positive cocci, catalase positive, coagulase negative

Answer 2

Novobiocin sensitive: Staph epidermis

novobiocin resistant: staph saprophyticus

Question 3

gram positive cocci, catalase negative (chains)

Answer 3

streptococcus

Question 4

alpha hemolytic strep

Answer 4

partial hemolysis (green agar)
S. pneumonia (capuse=+ quellung, optochin sensitive)
Strep viridans (eg. S mutans):  no capsule, optochin resistant

Question 5

beta hemolytic strep

Answer 5

complete hemolysis (clear agar)

• group A strep (S. pyogenes): bacitracin sensitive
• group B strep (S. agalactiae): Bacitracin resistant

Question 6

non-hemolytic strep species

Answer 6

group D strep (enterococcus): growthi n bile and 6.5% NaCl (Eg. E faecalis)
non-enterococcus: grow in bile but not 6.5% NaCl (eg. S. bovis)

Question 7

Name all 4 beta-hemolytic bacteria

Answer 7

1. staph aureus (catalase and coagulase positive)
2. strep pyogenes=group A Strep (catalase neg, bacitracin sensitive)
3. strep agalactiae=group B strep (catalase negative, bacitracin resistant)
4. listeria monocytogenes (tumbling motility, gram positive rod)

Question 8

gram negative, oxidase positive, comma shaped, grows at 42 degrees

Answer 8

campylobacter jejuni

Question 9

gram negative, oxidase positive, comma shaped, grows in alkaline media

Answer 9

vibrio cholerae

Question 10

gram negative rod, does NOT ferment lactose

Answer 10

oxidase +: pseudomonas, H. pylori

oxidase -: shigella, salmonella, proteus

Question 11

gram negative rod, does ferment lactose

Answer 11

faster fermenter: klebsiella, E. coli, enterobacter
slow fermenter: citrobacter, serratia etc
*show up pink on MacConkey’s agar

Question 12

gram negative “coccoid” rods

Answer 12

H. flu (requires factor V and X for growth)
pasteurella (animal bites)
brucella
bordetella pertussis

Question 13

gram negative diplococci

Answer 13

Neisseria
maltose fermenter: N. meningitidis
maltose non-fermenter: N. gonorrhea

Question 14

bartonella

Answer 14

cat scratch disease

Question 15

borrelia burgdorferi

Answer 15

lyme disease

ixodes tick

Question 16

borrelia recurrentis

Answer 16

recurrent fever

louse

Question 17

brucella

Answer 17

brucellosis/undulant fever

unpasteurized dairy

Question 18

campylobacter

Answer 18

bloody diarrhea

fecal-oral (puppies, livestock, undercooked meat)

Question 19

chlamydia psittaci

Answer 19

psittacosis

parrots, birds

Question 20

coxiella brunetti

Answer 20

Q fever

aerosols of cattle/sheep amniotic fluid

Question 21

erlichia chaffeensis

Answer 21

ehrlichoisis

lone star tick

Question 22

francisella tularensis

Answer 22

tularemia

tickets, rabbits, deer fly

Question 23

leptospira

Answer 23

leptospirosis

animal urine

Question 24

mycobacterium leprae

Answer 24

leprosy

armadillos, humans with lepromatous leprosy

Question 25

pasteurella multocida

Answer 25

cellulitis, osteomyelitis

animal bite, cats or dogs

Question 26

rickettsia prowazekii

Answer 26

epidemic typhus

louse

Question 27

rickettsia rickettsii

Answer 27

rocky mountain spotted fever

dermacentor tick bite

Question 28

rickettsia typhi

Answer 28

endemic typhus

fleas

Question 29

yersinia pestis

Answer 29

plague
fleas (rats and prairie dogs are reservoirs)

Question 30

pseudomonas

1. types of infections

Answer 30

• Pneumonia (esp. in CF and ventilated pts)
• life threatening infections in neutropenic and burn pts
• otitis externa (malignant)
• hot tub folliculitisi
• ecthyma grangrenosum

Question 31

pesudomonas microbiology

Answer 31

motile aerobic gram neg rod
nonlactose-fermenting, oxidase pos
pyocyanin (blue-green pigment)
grapelike, fruity odor
endotoxin (fever, shock) and exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)

Question 32

pseudomonas antibiotics

Answer 32

aminoglycosides (gentamycin, tobramycin, amikacin)
antipseudomonal penicillins (ticarcillin, piperacillin)
3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins
quinolones (ciprofloxacin)
monobactams (Aztreonam)
carbapenemis (imipenem, meropenem)