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Science > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A bacterium is a

A

prokaryote

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2
Q

A bacterium is a prokaryote which means it does not

A

have a nucleus and lacks several other characteristics of eukaryotes

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3
Q

3 ways bacteria differ from eukaryotes

A

They differ in genetic traits
habitats
how they gain their energy sources

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4
Q

How does bacteria attach to the surface of an organism

A

Bacteria attach themselves to an organism using their pili.

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5
Q

What are the three most common shapes of bacteria

A

Bacillus, coccus, and spirillum

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6
Q

Coccus is

A

circular

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7
Q

Bacillus is

A

rod shaped

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8
Q

Spirillum

A

spiral shaped

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9
Q

What are the two possibilities of staining techniques

A

biochemical properties & evolutionary relationships

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10
Q

Describe the genetic material in bacteria

A

DNA in bacteria is a single closed loop of double stranded DNA attached at one point to the cell membrane.

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11
Q

Carbon and energy can be grouped at either heterotrophs or autotrophs. What is the difference

A

heterotrophs get their carbon from other organisms while autotrophs get their carbon directly from the inorganic molecule carbon dioxide

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12
Q

Obligate anaerobes

A

cannot live in oxygen

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13
Q

faculative anaerobes

A

Can go either way

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14
Q

obligate aerobes

A

Must live near oxygen

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15
Q

Bacteria reproduce binary fission which is

A

asexual reproduction

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16
Q

Transformation occurs when a bacterium

A

takes in DNA from its outside enviorment

17
Q

Conjugation

A

The process by which 2 bacteria cells bind together and one cell transfers DNA to the other cell through a sex pilus

18
Q

Pathogenic Bacteria

A

pathogenic bacteria cause disease by releasing toxins

19
Q

Exotoxins

A

Have Gram+ bacteria which secrete protein toxins

20
Q

Endotoxins

A

Have Gram- bacteria which secretes fat/carbon toxins

21
Q

Why are antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections

A

Antibiotics affect the bacteria by interfering with there cellular functions

22
Q

what is antibiotic resistence

A

IT means that the antibiotic doesn’t work anymore because the bacteria mutates because there DNA is relatively fragile

Science (12 decks)

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