Bacteria Flashcards
Characteristics of a prokaryote cell
no nucleus, unicellular
five bacterial diseasesC
tetanus, lymes disease, bronchitis, terbuculosis, and strep throat
Compare and contrast Eubacteria and Archaea
Eubacteria is found everywhere while Archaea is found in extreme environments
What type of cell has peptidoglycan
Gram positive cell
What are the three general shapes of bacteria the chain and cluster
Coccus-circle Bacilius- rod Sprillium- spiral stayphlo- cluster strepto- chain
Why is bacteria capable of growing after many years of inactivity
they can remain dormant because they have an endospore (outer coat)
Compare binary fission and conjugation
Binary Fission- asexual (grows twice its size, splits into 2, 20 mins)
Conjugation- sexual (more variety, exchange DNA through pilis)
How do prokaryotes evolve
sexual reproductions and mutations
Why are some bacteria immune to antibiotics
see article
Facultative bacteria require what type of condition to live
may or may not use oxygen
contrast photoautotrophs, chemoautotrophs, and heterotrophs/sapertrophs
photoautotrophs make food from light and energy, chemoautotrophs eat inorganic compounds, and heterotrophs eat dead/decaying matter
compare aerobes and anaerobic bacteria
both grow
contrast aerobes and anaerobic bacteria
aerobes need oxygen to grow while anaerobic bacteria does not need oxygen to grow
What do you call a bacteria that needs sunlight and oxygen to grow
aerobic photoautotroph
What are the requirements for bacteria that are a faculitative saprophytic heterotroph
can live with or without oxygen and eats dead or decaying matter
What would be the shape of a bacteria called Streptobacilius Krumpacous
a chain of rod shaped bacteria
Five ways bacteria is beneficial to humans
Human survival Food production medicines and antibiotics clean up oil spills purifying water decomposers helps digest food
What are two ways that bacteria can cause disease
bacteria secretes toxins and breaks down the host tissue
List five ways we can control bacterial growth
sterilization through heat antiseptic (hand) disinfectant (tables) antibiotics food storage in freezer and fridge salt
list three ways that bacteria can be transmitted between two people
skin to skin
coughing
drinking from same glas
list three ways that antibodies can kill bacteria
- breaks down cell wall
- stops DNA from dividing
- stops bacteria from making protein
List two emerging diseases. Why are emerging diseases threatening to human health
West Nile, Mursa
What is the difference between gram positive and gram negative bacteria
gram positive has an extra protein coat (peptidoglycan)
What are antibiotics more effective on, gram positive or gram negative bacteria
gram negative
how is an inoculating tube used
Helps put bacteria on petri dish
Why should bacteria in a petri dish be stored upside down in the incubator
so the petri dish does not build up condensation
What is a zone of inhibition
Area where bacteria does NOT grow
Autotroph v Heterotroph
Autotrophs make their own food
list three ecological roles played by prokaryotes
decomposers
nitrogen fixation
produces
