Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MICROBIOLOGY 1 > bacteria > Flashcards

bacteria Flashcards

mabuhi

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

●found in Hot springs and other hot aquatic habitats rich in sulfur.
●long thin rod, bent or branched
●Thermoacidophiles
●anaerobic metabolism
●lithotrophic on sulfur and hydrogen
●organotrophic on sugars, amino acids, alcohols, and organic acids using elemental sulfur as electron acceptor.
●autotrophic using CO or CO2 as carbon source

A

Thermoproteus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

●found on deep-sea hydrothermal vents.
●flat, irregular disk-shaped
●temperature minimum 82°C
●growth optimum at 105°C, maximum at 110°C
●organotrophic and lithotrophic on Sulfur and H2

A

Pyrodictium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

●found on volcanic Hot Springs or Sulfur-Rich Environments
●irregularly lobed, spherical shaped
●cell walls contain lipoproteins and carbohydrates
●thermoacidophiles
●metabolism
●lithotrophic on sulfur using oxygen (usually) or ferric iron as electron acceptor
●organotrophic on sugars and amino acids

A

Sulfolobus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

●anaerobic environments (swamps, hot springs, intestines of various animals, including humans, rice fields, peat bogs and sewage digesters)
●thin, rod-like shape
●Cell wall contains pseudomurein
●Thermophilic but not thermoacidophiles
●Metabolism
●Strict anaerobes (cannot survive in oxygen-rich environments)
●Methanogenic
●Autotrophic when growing on H₂ and CO₂, converting them into methane.

A

Methanobacterium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

●Found deep in the ocean, swamps, and marshes
●Spherical or coccoid shaped
●cell wall mainly contains proteins, and lacks polysaccharides.
●Strict anaerobes
●Thermophilic
●Methanogenic
●Strict autotroph

A

Methanococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

thrives at extremely high temperatures (hyperthermophilic) and can grow by utilizing carbohydrates and peptides.
are coccoid (spherical) with diameters ranging between 0.8 to 2.0 micrometers.

A

Pyrococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a representative of thermoproteus

A

Thermoproteus tenax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

a representative of pyrodictium

A

Pyrodictium abyssi
Pyrodictium occultum

`

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

a representative of sulfolobus

A

: Sulfolobus brierleyi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

representative of methanobacterium

A

Methanobacterium bryantii

Methanobacterium formicicum

Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

a representative of methanococcus

A

Methanococcus villosus
Methanococcus jannaschii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a representative of pyrococcus

A

Pyrococcus furiosus
P. abyssi
P. horikoshii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

thermophilic and found in deep-sea hydrothermal vents, oil fields, and hot springs, usually between 60°C to 90°C.
Irregular cocci (spherical).
only known sulfate-reducing archaea, reducing sulfate to sulfide in its metabolism.

A

Archaeoglobus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

representative of archaeoglobus

A

Archaeglobus fulgidus
A. veneficus
A. profundus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

lives in extremely hot environments, particularly hydrothermal vents, at temperatures around 80°C to 122°C.
Rod-shaped (bacilli).
produce methane

A

methanopyrus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

representative of methanopyrus

A

Methanopyrus kandleri

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

are hyperthermophilic
bacteria found in hot springs and hydrothermal vents at temperatures ranging from 85°C to 95°C.
rod shaped
the most primitive and deeply rooted bacterial lineages, showing adaptations to extremely hot environments.

A

aquifex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

representative of aquifex

A

Aquifex aeolicus
Aquifex pyrophilus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

thermophilic bacteria found in hot springs, geothermal soil, and volcanic vents, typically around 70°C to 80°C.
earliest evolving bacteria and
thrive in hot, alkaline environments.

A

Hydrogenobacter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

represantative of hydrogenobacter

A

Hydrogenobacter thermophilus
Hydrogenobacter subterraneus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Found in marine hydrothermal vents and other geothermally active regions.
●Thermophilic
●Rod-shaped (bacilli), Sheath-like structure (“toga-like” appearance)
●Gram-negative
●Anaerobic
●Heterotrophic
●Asexually (binary fussion)

A

Thermotoga

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

representative of thermotoga

A

Thermotoga maritima

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

representative of geotoga

A

Geotoga petraea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Is commonly found in subsurface petroleum reservoirs. It also thrives in deep subsurface environments, such as geothermal areas and hot springs.
●Rod-shaped (bacilli), Sheath-like structure (“toga-like” appearance)

A

Geotoga

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

●Thermophilic
●Chemolithoautotrophic
●Anaerobic
●Sulfate Reduction
●Rod-shape like
●Gram-negative
●Its cell wall composition includes unique lipids and Proteins.
●Geothermal Environments
●Sediments

A

Thermodesulfobacterium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

representative of thermodesulfobacterium

A

Thermodesulfatator indicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

●Arsenic-Rich Environments
●Marine and Freshwater Habitats
●Strictly Anaerobic; Arsenate Reduction and Energy Production
●Rod-shape
●Gram-negative
●Versatile Respiration
●Anaerobic

A

Chrysogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

representative of chrysiogenes

A

Chrysiogenes arsenatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

extreme and diverse environments due to
their remarkable resilience to various
environmental stresses.
●cocci (spherical) shape
●Aerobic Heterotrophs; Organotrophs
●Extremophiles
●Produce pigments, such as carotenoids.
●Gram positive

A

Deinococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

representative of deinococcus

A

Deinococcus radiodurans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

●thermophilic environments, low oxygen environments
●filamentous shape, gram-negative, capable of anoxygenic Photosynthesis, can perform respiration and fermentation without light
●contains bacteriochlorophylls and carotenoids
●primary producer, stabilization of microbial mats ,and enzyme production.

A

Chloroflexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

representative of chloroflexus

A

Chloroflexus auranticus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

●predaratory bacterium, chemoheterotrophic

A

Herpetosiphon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

representative herpetosiphon

A

Herpetosiphon aurantiacus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

●thermophilic environments
●rod shaped (bacillus), gram-negative bacterium
●chemoorganotrophic
●helps in breaking down organic matter in hot environments, nutrient cycling

A

Thermomicrobium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

●aquatic environments, soils
●spiral-shaped, thin and elongated,
●gram-negative bacterium
●nitride-oxidizing,
nitrification in ecosystems, wastewater treatment

A

Nitrospira

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

representative of nitrospira

A

Nitrospira moscoviensis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

●found in anaerobic environments such as wetlands
●and also in environments rich in metals
●rode-shaped (bacillus), motile, and a gram-negative bacterium
●metal reduction, metal cycling (iron and
●manganese), and bioremediation

A

Geovibrio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

●Filamentous or rod-shaped
●gram-positive, aerobic, and non-acid-fast
●thermophilic
●chemoorganotrophic
●typically found in soil and compost
●non-pathogenic

A

Thermomonospora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

●Spherical to ovoid
●Lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls, instead their cell walls are stabilized by a protein sacculus with disulfide bonds
●Reproduce by budding
●Found in freshwater, saltwater, and even extreme environments like acid bogs and hypersaline lakes
●Some species are capable of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox)
●Some are opportunistic pathogens – microorganisms that normally do not cause disease in a healthy host but can cause infections when the host’s immune system is compromised or when they gain access to normally sterile parts of the body

A

Planctomyces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

●Spherical to ovoid gram-negative bacteria
●includes a DNA-containing region separated from the rest of the cell by two nuclear membranes
●reproduce by budding
●found in freshwater environments
●aerobic chemoheterotrophs
●Non-pathogenic

A

Gemmata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

●gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped anaerobic
●bacteria
●known for their probiotic properties; support gut health and treat conditions like diarrhea, constipation, eczema
●found in the gastrointestinal tract, but some can also be found in the mouth and vagina
●possess a unique fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase pathway to ferment carbohydrates
Non-pathogenic

A

Bifidobacterium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Milk product for infants in the Philippines
with Bifidobacterium:

A

Nestlé NAN Optipro HW One

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Rod-shaped
●gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacilli
●known for their high concentrations of sphingophospholipids in their cell membranes
●do not have flagella and form smooth, convex, slightly yellowish colonies
●found in soil, water, and compost
●have industrial applications such as the degradation and conversion of biomolecules
●Although generally non-pathogenic, it can cause infections in immunocompromised individuals. Cases of Bacteremia and cellulitis have been reported.
This strain is also known for its intrinsic resistance to many common antibiotics, which could complicate treatment

A

Sphingobacterium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

●Found in virtually every environment on Earth, from soil and water to extreme environments like hot springs, deep-sea hydrothermal vents, and the human body.

●Gram-positive bacteria
●rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, and anaerobic
●Chemoorganotrophs
●Rigid cell wall

A

Eubacterium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

●Found in environments where sulfate is present and oxygen is absent

●Gram-positive
●anaerobic bacteria
●sulfate-reducing bacteria
●Rod shaped
●cell wall
●Importance
●Plays role in the sulfur cycle by reducing sulfate to hydrogen sulfide in anaerobic environments.
●In wastewater treatment, D. nigrificans can help manage sulfate levels by reducing sulfate to sulfide.

A

Desulfotomaculum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

●Found in hot springs, wetlands and bogs

●Photoheterotrophic with bacteriochlorophyll
●gram–negative
●anaerobic
●rod shaped
Nitrogen Fixation in Low-Oxygen Environments

A

Heliobacterium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

●am- negative
●small, strictly anaerobic, lack flagella,
●pyruvate and lactate fermented
●parasitic in mouths, intestines, and respiratory tract of animals
●Chemoorganotrophic
●Gut health
●athletic performance
●causes dental plaque

A

Veillonella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

●found in the mucous surfaces of the respiratory and urogenital tracts.

●Gram – negative
●lacks cell wall, cannot synthesize peptidoglycan precursors
●many species require sterols to grow
●capable of self reproduction

A

Mycoplasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

●ovoid- or rod-shaped, gram-negative, non-motile, facultative anaerobic, and coccobacilli
●found in soil, water, animals, and food

A

Yersinia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

causes plague

A

yersinia pestis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

causes yersiniosis

A

yersinia enterocolitica

54
Q

causes pseudotubercolosis

A

yersinia pseudotuberculosis

55
Q

●coccobacillus,strict parasites, gram-negative, aerobic or facultative anaerobic,
●nonmotile and require a growth factor that is found in blood
●mouth, upper respiratory tract, and intestinal tract
●Importance: help in immune system development

A

Haemophilus

56
Q

glasser disease

A

haemophilus parasuis

57
Q

chancroid

A

haemophilus ducreyi

58
Q

Ear infections, skin infections, and severe blood infections

A

haemophilus influenza

59
Q

●rod-shaped,mesophilic, sulfate-reducing bacteria,gram-negative, non-motile, anaerobic, and chemolithotrophic or chemoorganotrophic
●found in sedimentary environments, wastewater treatment plants, the human gut, and oil reservoirs
●Importance: play a crucial role in the sulfur cycle, converting sulfate to sulfide and used for bioremediation and contribute to gut health.

A

Desulfovibrio

60
Q

Inflammatory bowel disease, periodontal disease, and infections like bacteremia and abscesses

A

Desulfovibrio desulfuricans

61
Q

●small, curved, rod-shaped,gram-negative,aerobic,and motile
●predatory bacterium
●found in various environments like soil, freshwater, and marine habitats.
●Importance:combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria and its potential as a therapeutic agent offer promising solutions to the growing challenge of infectious diseases.

A

Bdellovibrio

62
Q

●elongated rods with rounded or tapered ends, fruiting body formation,predatory nonflagellated, gram-negative, spore-forming, chemoorganotrophic, obligate aerobes, and gliding
●moist soils, decaying organic matter, and decaying matter
●Importance:soil health, controlling harmful microbes, producing antibiotics, and have potential uses in biotechnology

A

Myxococcus

63
Q

representative of myxococcus

A

M. Xanthus

64
Q

●Straight or slightly curved rods with tapered or clubbed ends
●Nonmotile and non-spore forming rods
●Chemoorganotrophic
●Aerobic and facultative
●anaerobic
●Catalase-positive
●Arranged in palisades and it is pleomorphic
●Found in skin and mucous membrane
●Also found in soil and water
●Some species are pathogenic

A

Corynebacterium

65
Q

representative of corynebacterium

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae
Corynebacterium jeikeium

66
Q

●Straight or slightly curved rods ;sometimes branched
●Nonmotile and nonsporing
●Aerobic
●Catalase-positive; can form filaments that are readily fragmented
●Walls have high lipid content
●Chemoorganototrophic
●It is found in soil and water

A

Mycobacterium

67
Q

representative of mycobacterium

A

Mycobacterium leprae (It is pathogenic)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (highly pathogenic)

68
Q

●Branching, filamentous, and is gram-positive bacteria
●Catalase positive
●Aerobic
●Chemoheterotrophic
●Type IV cell wall
●Distributed in soil and decaying vegetation

A

Nocardia

69
Q

representative of nocardia

A

Nocardia asteroides

70
Q

●Pleomorphic non motile rods
●It is found growing on the skin and in the digestive tract of animals, and in dairy products such as cheese

A

Propionibacterium

71
Q

representative of propionibacterium

A

Propionibacterium acnes (can be pathogenic)
Propionibacterium freudenreichii

72
Q

●Forms branched, filamentous hyphae that can fragment into rod-shaped
●Aerial mycelium forms chains of three to many spores
●Strictly aerobic
●Chemoheterotrophic
●Found in soil

A

Streptomyces

73
Q

● only streptomycete known to be pathogenic for humans

A

S. somaliensis

74
Q

●Usually found on bodies of water with excessive nutrients (Phosphorus and Nitrogen)
●Favorable season is summer due to solar energy and warm temperature.
●Eutrophication, another factor that causes the blooms of Cyanobacteria.
●Derived from the Greek word mikros (small) + kystis (bladder)

A

Microcystis

75
Q

●Pleomorphic, and cells are usually flat disks.
●Halophilic
●Aerobic or anaerobic and chemoheterotrophs
Found in hypersaline environments.

A

Haloferax mediterranei

76
Q

●Derived from the Greek word xanthos (yellow) + monas (entity).
●Found in plants that caused plant diseases.
●It contains a Type III Secretion System(T3SS), a unique characteristic that injects effector proteins into the plant cells.

A

Xanthomonas

77
Q

●Chemoorganotrophic and aerobic
●Gram-negative
●Non-encapsulated under normal conditions, but can produce a capsule-like complex (CLC) in specific conditions.
●Found in various environments (soil and water).
●Opportunistic pathogen

A

Francisella novicida

78
Q

●polarly flagellated rods with a flagellum and prostheca and holdfast
●aerobic
●oligotrophic
●freshwater and marine habitats
●used for studying the regulation of the cell cycle, asymmetric cell division, and cellular differentiation

A

Caulobacter

79
Q

representative of caulobacter

A

Caulobacter crescentus

80
Q

●typically rod-shaped
●aerobic; motile
●0.5-1.5 micrometers in length
●chemoorganotrophic
●primarily found in soil, particularly in areas where legumes are commonly grown

A

Rhizobium

81
Q

representative of Rhizobium

A

Rhizobium leguminosarum

82
Q

●small, oval-shaped bacteria (coccobacilli)
●gram-negative
●non-sporing and lack capsules or flagella; non-motile
●facultative anaerobes
●obligate intracellular
●pathogens
●causative agents of brucellosis primarily found in animals; contaminated soil and water can be transmitted to humans through contact with infected animals or their products

A

Brucella

83
Q

reprecentative of brucella

A

Brucella melitensis

84
Q

●rod-shaped
●aerobic
●chemolithotrophic
●oxidized nitrate to nitrate
●significant for nitrogen cycle
●found in soil, freshwater, and marine water

A

Nitrobacter

85
Q

representative of nitrobacter

A

Nitrobacter winogradskyi

86
Q

●rod-shaped bacteria with rounded ends (coccobacilli) non-motile
●gram-negative
●facultative-aerobic
●methylotrophy
●nitrogen-fixation
●can be found on soil, water, and plants

A

Methylobacterium

87
Q

representative of Methylobacterium

A

Methylobacterium rhodesianum

88
Q

●Gram-negative, multicellular, and are primarily filamentous and branched structures.
●Is a myxobacteria because of its social behavior and ability to form multicellular structures like fruiting bodies.
●Most commonly found in soil and decaying matter.
●It exhibits a gliding movement.
●Plays an important role in the decomposition of organic matter.
●They are not known to cause diseases to humans, animals, and plants.

A

Polyangium

89
Q

● “crooked stick”
●Gram-negative, spiral-shaped, microaerophilic, flagellar motility, and thermotolerant
●Are widely distributed in most warm-blooded animals, and the main route of transmission is generally believed to be foodborne.
●Campylobacteriosis is a zoonosis, a disease transmitted to humans from animals or animal products.

A

Campylobacter

90
Q

is a zoonosis, a disease transmitted to humans from animals or animal products.

A

Campylobacteriosis

91
Q

representatives of campylobacter

A

Campylobacter jejuni
Campylobacter fetus
Campylobacter coli
Campylobacter upsaliensis

92
Q

●Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacteria colonizing in the gastric mucosa.
●Shaped like a corkscrew or helix.
●They are commonly found on the mucosal lining of the stomach, specifically the mucosal layer (protective layer).
●Production of urease

A

helicobacter

93
Q

●can cause peptic ulcer, gastritis, and duodenum.

A

helicobacter pylori

94
Q

●Rod-shaped, gram-positive bacteria.
●Found in soil, water, and intestinal tracts of humans and other animals
●Anaerobic
●Dormant cells are highly resistant to heat desiccation and toxic chemicals and detergents.
synthesize and release poisonous substances called exotoxins

A

clostridium

95
Q

2 types of exotoxins

A

enterotoxins and neurotoxins).

96
Q

representatives of clostridium

A

Clostridium botulinum
Clostridium tetani
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium novyi

97
Q

●Anaerobic, gram-negative cocci, often appearing in pairs or chains under the microscope.
●Present in various parts of the human body such as the skin, mouth, intestines, and vagina.
● associated with various polymicrobial infections such as abscesses (in the brain, liver, lungs), soft tissue infections, and post-surgical infections.

A

Peptostreptococcus

98
Q

representative of
Peptostreptococcus

A

Finegoldia magna
Parvimonas micra
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius
Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus

99
Q

●Greek word “trichoma” meaning hair and “desmus” meaning bonded
●filament or colony
●contain phycoerythrin
●lack heterocysts
●photoautotrophic
●nitrogen fixing bacteria
●found in tropical and subtropical seas

A

Trichodesmium

100
Q

representative of Trichodesmium

A

Trichodesmium erythraeum

101
Q

●”pelos”- dark colored and “ dictyon” - net
●rod-shaped cells are united into more or less large three-dimensional nets
●cells contain gas vacuoles
●Bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c,d, or e occurs as the major photosynthetic pigment
●photoautotrophs
●thrives in anoxic aquatic environments, particularly in freshwater systems

A

Pelodictyon

102
Q

●spiral shape
●facultative anaerobes
●utilize bacteriochlorophyll
●found in aquatic environments
●play a role in nitrogen fixation

A

Rhodospirillum

103
Q

representative of Rhodospirillum

A

Rhodospirillum rubrum

104
Q

●rod-shape
●pleomorphic
●no flagella
●tend to be very small
●live in blood- sucking arthropods
●enter the host cell by inducing phagocytosis
●important parasite

A

Rickettsia

105
Q

cause of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

106
Q

●acidophilic, non-spore formers and typically rod-shaped
●they are colorless; acidophilic chemoheterotrophs growing aerobically under mesophilic conditions
●live in marine, acidic environments but is abundant on soil environments
●sometimes dominant in iron-rich environments such as abandoned mines
●not pathogenic; needs further research

A

Acidobacteria

107
Q

represenatative of Acidobacteria

A

Acidobacteria capsulatum

108
Q

●Gram negative bacterium, rod-shaped and is isolated from the rumen of herbivores.
●colorless or transparent
●helps digestion of plant material in ruminants
●not pathogenic

A

Fibrobacter

109
Q

representative of Fibrobacter

A

Fibrobacter succinogenes

110
Q

●nonmotile, coccoid, gram-negative bacteria
●an “energy parasite” and believed that it obtained all its ATP from the host cell.
●lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls: they grow and reproduce only within host cells.
●obligately intracellular parasites
important pathogens of humans and other warm-blooded animals.

A

Chlamydia

111
Q

●infects humans and mice.
●It causes inclusion conjunctivitis, lymphogranuloma venereum, nongonococcal urethritis, and trachoma.

A

C. trachomatis

112
Q

●causes psittacosis in humans
●It also infects many other animals (e.g., parrots, turkeys, sheep, cattle, and cats) and invades the intestinal, respiratory, and genital tracts; the placenta and fetus; the eye; and the synovial fluid of joints.

A

C. psittaci

113
Q

●common cause of human pneumonia

A

Chlamydia pneumoniae

114
Q

●characterized by a copious mucous discharge from the eye, an inflamed and swollen conjunctiva.

A

C. trachomatis: inclusion conjunctivitis

115
Q

●is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis: more common in tropical climates.

A

C. trachomatis : Lymphogranuloma venereum

116
Q

●is any inflammation of the urethra not due to the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
●caused both by nonmicrobial factors such as catheters and drugs and by infectious microorganisms.

A

C. trachomatis : Nongonococcal Urethritis

117
Q

●transmitted by contact with inanimate objects such as soap and towels, by hand-to-hand contact that carries C. trachomatis from an infected eye to an uninfected eye, or by flies.

A

C. trachomatis : Trachoma

118
Q

●primarily a human pathogen directly transmitted from human to human by respiratory secretions.

A

Chlamydia pneumoniae

119
Q

●anaerobic, thermophilic bacteria; nonmotile; gram negative
●rod-shaped often occurring in filaments or aggregates, singly, in pairs, in filaments, in bundles, and as spherical bodies.
●chemoorganotrophs
●found in high temperature environments such as hot springs and hydrothermal vents

A

Dictyoglomus

120
Q

representative of Dictyoglomus

A

Dictyoglomus thermophilum

121
Q

●is derived from the Latin word “verruca” meaning a wart
●acidophilic, heterotrophs and exhibit yellow coloration
●found in freshwater, marine, soil habitats and in animal gut microbiomes including those of humans

A

Verrucomicrobium

122
Q

●are spherical, barrel-shaped, or oval forming unbranched filaments
●Mucilaginous sheath
●Heterocysts
●Akinete

A

Nostoc

123
Q

representative of nostoc

A

Nostoc commune

124
Q

●are typically composed of cylindrical cells arranged in a single or double row. branched trichomes.
●heterocysts
●mucilaginous sheath

A

Stigonema

125
Q

representative of Stigonema

A

Stigonema mamillosum

126
Q

●forms long, thin, spiral-shaped filaments, coiled or helical
●high protein content, rich in vitamins and minerals

A

Spirulina

127
Q

representative of Spirulina

A

Spirulina platensis

128
Q

●Filamentous, can be unbranched or branched, depending on the species.
●thermophilic and alkaphilic surrounded by a gelatinous sheath
●Heterocysts
●can form akinetes

A

Mastigocladus

129
Q

representative of Mastigocladus

A

Mastigocladus Laminosus

130
Q

favorite bacteria ni kris

A

staphylococcus

MICROBIOLOGY 1 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions