Bacteria 🦠 Flashcards
What four conditions do bacteria need to survive and multiply?
Food, moisture, warmth, time
What food do bacteria prefer to grow in?
Bacteria prefer to grow in food which is high and protein, vitamins and minerals
What three foods/drinks do bacteria prefer to grow in?
Chicken 🍗
fish 🐟
milk 🥛
Why does bacteria need moisture to grow?
Because it cannot multiply in dry foods.
Once dry food is ________ then the food becomes an ideal breeding ground for bacteria
Reconstituted
What three of foods can be reconstituted?
Dried pasta 🍝
Packet soup 🥣
Pot noodle 🍜
In what conditions do bacteria multiply fastest?
In warm conditions
What happens to bacteria at 64 - 100°C?
Bacteria are DESTROYED 💥
What happens to bacteria at 5 - 63°C?
Danger zone!! Bacteria are multiplying rapidly in number!!
What happens to bacteria at 1 - 4°C
Bacteria are multiplying slowly
What happens to bacteria at -18°C?
Bacteria are dormant
What does dormant mean?
Dormant means inactive. They are alive but not multiplying.
How fast can bacteria divide in ideal conditions?
In ideal conditions bacteria can divide into two once every 20 minutes
What are two types of food that are considered high risk?
Meat and dairy foods
Why are some foods considered high risk for bacteria?
Because bacteria will grow in them as they are moist and usually contain protein vitamins and minerals
What are four high risk foods?
Chicken 🍗
sandwiches 🥪
fish 🐟
cream
Where should high risk foods be stored?
In the fridge
What are four low risk foods that will have a best before date?
Coffee ☕️
tea 🫖
cereal 🥣
biscuits 🍪
What is a low risk dried food
DRIED Pasta 🍝
Why is dried pasta considered low risk?
They will remain safe to eat for a long time, if unopened as no moisture will have been in contact with the DRIED pasta
What are the three rules for when preparing food?
⚫️Handle food is little as possible 🤲🏼
⚫️Clean dishes + surfaces as you prepare food 🍽️
⚫️ keep high-risk food in the ’danger zone’ for as short time as possible ⚠️ ⛔️
What are the three rules for when reheating food?
⚫️Reheat until piping hot 🥵
⚫️Do not reheat foods more than once ☝️
⚫️Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully 🧐
What is the one rule for when cooking food?
⚫️Cook food such as meat and chicken thoroughly 🍖 🍗
What are the two rules for when serving food?
Serve hot food above 63°C 🥵
Serve cold food at or below 4°C 🥶
Why should high risk foods be kept in the danger zone for as short a time possible?
This is to reduce the number of bacteria being able to multiply
How could you check that a piece of chicken is cooked?
Cut the largest/thickest piece open. It should be white through to the centre
Why would you not put a hot piece of food into the fridge?
It was hot food would increase the temperature of the fridge and bacteria could multiply quickly on the food in the fridge as it warms up
Why should you follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully when reheating the food?
To ensure the food is heated thoroughly to destroy any harmful bacteria
Why should you keep some food products refrigerated or frozen?
To slow down bacteria growth
Why should you thaw some food products in the refrigerator or microwave?
To reduce the time spending the danger zone
Why should you keep raw meat and poultry separate from other foods?
To avoid cross contamination
Why should you cook thoroughly?
Cooking thoroughly destroys harmful bacteria that causes food poisoning
What are three examples of potential causes of food poisoning?
⚫️Not cooking food properly 🥘
⚫️Cross-contamination ⛔️
⚫️Not handling food hygienically 🖐️
What is campylobacter?
campylobacter Is a common food poisoning ✨ bAcTeRiUm✨ that is sometimes found on raw meat and raw poultry
What are three common symptoms for campylobacter?
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Fever
You must not wash raw meat and poultry before cooking it. Why?
Water running off the meat containing bacteria could splash a round and contaminate workplaces
Which foods other than raw meat and poultry may cause campylobacter?
Seafood 🍤
Pasta 🍝
What three groups of the population can campylobacter be very dangerous to?
Babies 👶🏼
Pregnant women 🤰
Elderly 👵
Name three types of food poisoning bacteria other than campylobacter
Listeria, E coli, salmonella
