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Internship 2025 > BACTE RETAKE > Flashcards

BACTE RETAKE Flashcards

1
Q

This gives the surface of gram-negative bacteria a negative charge.

Mycolic acid
Outer membrane
Periplasm
Lipopolysaccharide

A

Lipopolysaccharide

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2
Q

The following statement are true except:

Gram + bacteria ….peptidoglycan layer
The periplasmic space is found in gram – and gram + bacteria
The capsule of gram + bacteria is immediate to murein layer
The sex pilus is a conduit for passage of DNA

A

The periplasmic space is found in gram – and gram + bacteria

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3
Q

This method of sterilization is applied to substances that are heat-sensitive

Filtration
Radiation
Cold sterilization
Oxidation

A

Filtration

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4
Q

It is used as prophylaxis in newborns to prevent ocular n. gonorrhea infection

Erythromycin
Silver nitrate
Povidone Iodine
Vancomycin

A

Erythromycin

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5
Q

Ratio of sodium hypochlorite recommended by CDC for cleaning tabletops after blood spills

1:5
1:10
1:20
NOTA

A

1:10

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6
Q

The following statement are true regarding specimen collection except:

Specimen should be collected during acute phase of an illness
Serum for serologic studies can be frozen at –70C for up to 1 week
N. meningitidis is sensitive to temp changes
Processing should be done upon receipt at the lab

A

Serum for serologic studies can be frozen at –70C for up to 1 week

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7
Q

This anticoagulant is commonly used for viral cultures

EDTA
Citrate
SPS
Heparin

A

Heparin

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8
Q

This is added to transport media to absorb fatty acids

Buffer
Antibiotic
Charcoal
Indicator

A

Charcoal

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9
Q

The following statement are true except

Direct microscopy examination is done to all specimens
All processing should begin with a gross examination of the specimen
Sterile fluid should be given priority for processing
Mislabeled specimens should be rejected

A

Direct microscopy examination is done to all specimens

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10
Q

Inhibits the growth of gram + organism in your MacConkey

Phenol Red
Crystal violet
Ferric Ammonium Citrate
Lactose

A

Crystal violet

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11
Q

The presence of this enzyme allows the release of water and oxygen from hydrogen peroxide. What process is being described?

Oxidase
Catalase
Oxidation reaction
Coagulase

A

Catalase

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12
Q

What is the positive result of the Catalase Test?

Bubble formation
Purple color
Clot formation
Reddening

A

Bubble Formation

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13
Q

Case JJ 5 yo male polio vax seen due to appearance of bright red rash on his cheeks associated with low grade fever and nasal discharge What is the causative agent?

Enveloped virus with icosahedral nucleocapsid and double stranded DNA
Naked nucleocapsid with single-stranded positive polarity RNA
Enveloped virus with icosahedral nucleocapsid and one piece of single stranded positive polarity RNA
Nonenveloped icosahedral single stranded DNA Virus

A

Nonenveloped icosahedral single stranded DNA Virus

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14
Q

Mode of transmission of the causative agent

Transplacental
Respiratory secretion
AOTA
NOTA

A

AOTA

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15
Q

Major site of viral replication

Capillaries of the skin
Bone marrow
Placenta
Neurons

A

Bone marrow

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16
Q

Major virulence factor for S. aureus

Capsule
Protein
Coagulase
Lime layer

A

Coagulase

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17
Q

This test will differentiate your proteus mirabilis from proteus vulgaris

A

Indole

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18
Q

What is the principle of the Indole test

Detects the end products of glucose formation of by your peptidoglycan pathway
Detects end products of glucose from the mixed acid pathway
Determines the organism has the ability to reduce nitrate to nitrite
Test the ability of the organism to produce the enzyme tryptophanase

A

Detects end products of glucose from the mixed acid pathway

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19
Q

What is the positive reaction of the Indole Test

Red color
Growth in the medium with color change
Turbidity
Bright pink color

A

Red color

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20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Case KK 38 yo male single sexually active came in for consult due to maculopapular rash on his arms and soles associated with progressive weight loss on and off undocumented fever and occasional malaise. Susceptibility testing can be performed for the causative agent.

A

False (causative agent is syphilis)

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21
Q

Case KK 38 yo male single sexually active came in for consult due to maculopapular rash on his arms and soles associated with progressive weight loss on and off undocumented fever and occasional malaise. Susceptibility testing can be performed for the causative agent.

When you start treatment what test can you request to follow the patient’s response to therapy

RPR
FTA-ABS
EIA
Microscopy

A

RPR

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22
Q

What is the specimen of choice if you are suspecting congenital transmission of the causative agent?

Plasma
Serum
Placenta
Umbilical cord

A

Umbilical Cord

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23
Q

The following statement are true except:

Chlamydia contains lipopolysaccharide in their cell wall
Endocervix the preferred site to collect screening specimens in female patient with chlamydia
One of the differences seen in chlamydia is the shape of the reticulate body
Humans are the only host of chlamydia pneumoniae

A

One of the differences seen in chlamydia is the shape of the reticulate body

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24
Q

35 yo female complains of nonhealing ulcer in her left index finger that now progress to a postular lesion. WHat is hte mycelial formation of the fungus

Daisy-head or floweret microconidia
Thick-walled yeasts with multiple buds resembling a mariner’s wheel

A

Daisy-head or floweret microconidia

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25
Q

The following statement are true except:

If infection with Malassezia furfur is suspected, Olive oil should be added to the medium
If processing is delayed dermatologic specimen should be refrigerated
Respiratory tract secretions are the most common specimen collected for fungal culture
CSF specimens should be processed immediately

A

If processing is delayed dermatologic specimen should be refrigerated

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26
Q

The macroconidia of this organism are rarely formed vary in ssize and shaped and referred to a string-bean appearance

Trichophyton robrum
Tonsurans
Mentagrophytes
Verrucosum

A

Verrucosum

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27
Q

Most sensitive test to diagnose streptococcosis

India ink
Culture
Gram stain
Latex agglutination

A

Latex agglutination

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28
Q

The following statement are true regarding viruses except

All DNA viruses are icosahedral except poxvirus
All RNA viruses reticate in the cytoplasm
Herpesviridae has the ability to establish latency
Poxvirus is the largest and the most complex of all viruses

A

All RNA viruses reticate in the cytoplasm

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29
Q

This test differentiate Listeria monocytogenes from other listeria species

CAMP Test
Wet mount
Carbohydrate fermentation

A

CAMP Test

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30
Q

What test is the most helpful in the definitive diagnosis of the causative agent

Culture
Gram stain
Demonstration of toxins
Demonstration of metachromatic granules

A

Demonstration of toxins

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31
Q

What is being detected by string test for vibrio

Capsule
Flagella
DNA
Villi

A

DNA

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32
Q

Which of hte following vibrios are responsible for pandemic

Vibrio cholerae
Vulnificus
Parahaemolyticus
Cholerae O1 biotype El Tor

A

Cholerae O1 biotype El Tor

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33
Q

Presumptive test of the identification of your group a beta hemolytic streptococcus

Hemolysis on blood agar
Bacitracin test
Novobiocin test
Optochin test

A

Bacitracin test

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34
Q

This is known as a microscopic precipitin test in which your cap surrounding the organism will swell

India ink
Quellung Test
Crystal violet
String test

A
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35
Q

The folloiwng statement are true except

MacConkey Agar is a nutritive and differential media
Blood agar is a nutritive and differential media
TCBS agar is a selective and differential media
Modified Thayer martin is an enrichment and selective media

A

MacConkey Agar is a nutritive and differential media

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36
Q

The following statement are true about gram staining except

It is considered a differential stain
All bacteria can be detected using this staining method
It gives clue about the quality of the specimen

A

All bacteria can be detected using this staining method

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37
Q

The following statement are true except

Gram + positive bacteria with have a thick peptidoglycan layer
Gram – bacteria have an outer lipid bilayer
Gram + bacteria will have an outer lipid layer
Gram – bacteria will have a thin peptidoglycan layer

A

Gram + bacteria will have an outer lipid layer

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38
Q

THis bacteria structure is most often target of antibiotics

Outer membrane
Cell wall
Capsule
Lipopolysaccharide

A

Cell Wall

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39
Q

This test will differentiate streptococcus pneumoniae from alpha hemolytic streptococci

PYR test
LAP test
Bile solubility
Bacitracin

A

Bile solubility

40
Q

What population is at risk for necrotizing enteritis

Newborn
Toddlers
Unvaccinated children
Preterm infants

A

Preterm infants

41
Q

Specimen of choice for pediatric patient suspected of Tb

Sputum
Induced Sputum
Bronchial alveolar lavage
Gastric lavage

A

Gastric lavage

42
Q

The following statement are true regarding chlamydia except

The elementary body is metabolically inert
The reticulate body is the infective form
The elementary is the extracellular form

A

The reticulate body is the infective form

43
Q

Which Sero variant of chlamydia can cause ocular trachoma

Ba
L1
L1A
K

44
Q

Which of the following is transmitted by Chiggers

Rickettsiae
Orientia tsutsumagushi

A

Orientia tsutsumagushi

45
Q

What attenuated strain of mycobacteria is present in the BCG vaccine

M bovis
M africanum
M leprae

46
Q

What type of motility is seen on dark field microscopy of vibrios

Tumbling
Corkscrew
Darting
Shooting star

A

Shooting Star

47
Q

This is added to the medium Modified Thayer Martin agar to inhibit the growth of proteus

A

Trimethoprim

48
Q

Selective media for isolation of your s. aureus

Sheep blood agar
Mannitol salt agar
Chocolate agar
Nutrient broth

A

Mannitol salt agar

49
Q

Causative agent of your cat’s scratch disease

A

Bartonella

50
Q

What is used to seen gastrci biopsy for detection of h. pylori

Wright Giemsa
Warthin-starry
Gram stain
H&E

A

Warthin-starry

51
Q

Cultivation of Ricketssia

Footpads of mice
Footpads of armadillos
Embryonated egg

A

Embryonated Egg

52
Q

This associated with dental or surgical procedure often leading to tooth abscess

53
Q

Recommended sterilization technique to kill your prions

Incineration
Autoclave
Dry heat
Radiation

A

Incineration

54
Q

Biosafety cabinet offers the most protection

55
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is considered what type of biosafety level?

56
Q

Preservative used for stool specimen

A

Poly vinyl alcohol

57
Q

Exhibits satellite phenomenon

A

Haemophilus

58
Q

Double zone of

A

C. Perfringes

59
Q

Causative agent of Yaws

T. pallidum subspecies pallidum
T. pallidum subspecies pertenue

A

T. pallidum subspecies pertenue

60
Q

Mode of transmission of Flu (?) fever

Endogenous
Fomites
Inhalation

A

Inhalation

61
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Direct microscopy examination is performed on all specimens.

62
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Malachite green used for acid fast staining.

63
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Slide coagulase test detects clumping factor

64
Q

TRUE or FALSE: A positive Hippurate hydrolysis test will show yellow color.

65
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Enterococci is resistant to high salt concentration.

66
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Cutaneous diphtheriae is caused by non-toxigenic strains only.

67
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Blood Culture for typhoid fever is positive during hte 1st week of illness.

68
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Haemophilus is very sensitive to drying and extreme temperatures.

69
Q

Complications of mumps.

Parotitis
Meningitis
Swelling
Orchitis

A

Meningitis & Orchitis

70
Q

Toxin-mediated diseases of s.areus.

Food poisoning
Ritter syndrome
Toxic shock syndrome
Folliculitis

A

Food poisoning
Ritter syndrome
Toxic shock syndrome

71
Q

Specimen suitable for anaerobic culture.

Pleural fluid
Blood
CSF
Expectorated sputum

A

Pleural fluid
Blood
CSF

72
Q

A positive gram stain with a negative culture may indicate.

Poor transport methods
Old culture media
Excess exposure to air during processing
Poor medtech skills

A

Poor transport methods
Old culture media
Excess exposure to air during processing

73
Q

Specimens used for the diagnosis of mucormycosis.

Tissue
Sputum
Nasal discharge
Blood

A

Tissue
Sputum
Nasal discharge

74
Q

Causes bloody diarrhea.

S. aureus
Enteroinvasise E. coli
Shigella

A

Enteroinvasise E. coli
Shigella

75
Q

Produces odor in culture.

Proteus
Eikenella
Pseudomonas
C. difficile

A

Proteus
Eikenella
Pseudomonas
C. difficile

76
Q

Normal microbiota in humans.

S. aureus
H. influenzae
S. agalactiae
diptheria

A

S. aureus
H. influenzae
S. agalactiae

77
Q

Types of Fire Extinguisher.

A
B
C
D

78
Q

Anticoagulant used in the microbio lab.

SPS
EDTA
Heparin
Citrate

A

SPS
Heparin

79
Q

Rejection of unacceptable specimens.

Vaginal swab for anaerobic culture
Foley-catheter tips for culture
Nasopharyngeal for anaerobic culture
Specimen was received in fixative

A

Vaginal swab for anaerobic culture
Foley-catheter tips for culture
Nasopharyngeal for anaerobic culture
Specimen was received in fixative

80
Q

Viruses with cytoplasmic inclusion bodies.

Rabies
CMV
Poxvirus
Herpes simplex virus

A

Rabies
Poxvirus

81
Q

This can cause subacute endocarditis.

S. aureus
Eikenella
Kingella
S. epidermidis

A

S. aureus
Eikenella
Kingella

82
Q

Characteristics of nocardia.

Gram +
Saprophyte
Aerobic
Partially acid fast

A

Gram +
Saprophyte
Aerobic
Partially acid fast

83
Q

Can cause UTI.

P. aeruginosa
E. coli
P. mirabilis
S. saprophyticus

A

P. aeruginosa
E. coli
P. mirabilis
S. saprophyticus

84
Q

Vertical Transmission.

Syphilis
Hep b
L. monocytogenes
S. aureus

A

Syphilis
Hep b
L. monocytogenes

85
Q

Colors of the fire diamond.

Red
Yellow
Blue
Green

A

Red
Yellow
Blue

86
Q

Specimens that do not require decontamination for the recovery of mycobateria.

Sputum
Joint fluid
Urine
CSF

A

Joint Fluid
CSF

87
Q

Symptoms of rickettsia.

Fever
Lympadenopathy
Rash
Headache

A

Fever
Lympadenopathy
Rash

88
Q

Sexually transmitted.

N. gonorrhaea
K. granumolatis
C. trachomatis
H. ducreyi

A

N. gonorrhaea
K. granumolatis
C. trachomatis
H. ducreyi

89
Q

This are these agar media found towards Bordetella pertussis

Bordet-Gengou
Regan-Lowe

A

Regan-Lowe

90
Q

Mycobacteria that occur in humans that is capable of causing tuberculosis.

M. bovis
M. tuberculosis
M. africanum
M. kansasii

A

M. bovis
M. tuberculosis
M. africanum

91
Q

Symptoms of congenital syphilis.

Saber shin
Deafness
Maxilla
Blindness

A

Deafness
Blindness

92
Q

Swarming colonies.

P. mirabilis
C. tetani
P. vulgari
S. pneumoniae

A

P. mirabilis
C. tetani
P. vulgari

93
Q

Necessary for the growth of heamophilus.

NAD
V Factor
Hemin
X Factor

A

NAD
V Factor
Hemin
X Factor

94
Q

Causes of bacterial meningitis.

N. meningitidis
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
K. pneumoniae

A

N. meningitidis
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae

95
Q

Symptoms of scarlet fever.

Rash
Lymphadenopathy
Strawberry tongue
Honey-crust lesions

A

Rash
Strawberry tongue

96
Q

Naturally inhabitant of the human vagina.

Candida
G. vaginalis
Neisseria
Lactobacillus

A

G. Vaginalis
Lactobacillus

Internship 2025 (4 decks)

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