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Y4 FA - Poultry > Backyard poultry: problems and solutions > Flashcards

Backyard poultry: problems and solutions Flashcards

1
Q

Are backyard poultry allowed to be fed kitchen scraps?

A

Yes

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2
Q

What are the 4 main purposes of backyard poultry?

A
  • Food
  • Sport e.g. cockfighting
  • Hobby e.g. show pets
  • Home pets
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3
Q

Name 5 common backyard pure poultry breeds

A

Ancona
New Hampshire red
Brahma
Cochin
Scots grey
Malay

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4
Q

Name 3 commercial hybrid egg laying breeds of poultry

A

Isa brown
Hissex brown
Hy-line

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5
Q

Name 3 commercial hybrid meat producing breeds of poultry

A

Ross
Cobb
Hubbard

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6
Q

When dealing with problems in backyard poultry flocks what information should be gathered on the history?

A
  • Location
  • Parasites
  • Vaccination
  • Source of the flock
  • Management e.g. feed, water, vermin control
  • Biosecurity
  • Housing
  • Protection e.g. adverse weather, predators
  • Species and age
  • Temperature, ventilation, dust, ammonia
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7
Q

What is the definition of free range poultry?

A

During daylight poultry has access to
- ground with vegetation
- mud and nettles
- bark, woodchips, gravel or mesh

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8
Q

Name the 5 freedoms

A
  • Freedom from hunger and thirst
  • Freedom from discomfort
  • Freedom to express natural behaviour
  • Freedom from fear and distress
  • Freedom from pain, injury or disease
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9
Q

What must be considered when assessing the food and water of backyard poultry?

A
  • Different species /type and age of birds require different equipment
  • Nutritional requirement, according to species, type and age
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10
Q

Improper handling of birds can cause …? (4 options)

A
  • Respiratory distress
  • Skeletal injuries
  • Stress
  • Death
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11
Q

What are the normal ranges of temperature, HR and RR for poultry?

A

Temp = 40-42 degrees
HR = 120-160bpm
RR = 20-130brpm

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12
Q

Where can the heart be auscultated in poultry?

A

Through the wishbone

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13
Q

What should be assessed on the clinical exam of poultry?

A

Temperature
Mouth/Beak
Oropharynx
Skin and Feathers
Vent
Abdomen
Feet

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14
Q

Which sites can be used for blood sampling birds?

A

Wing vein or Jugular vein

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15
Q

What is different on avian blood smears?

A

RBCs are nucleated

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16
Q

How can faecal samples be obtained?

A

Cloacal swab
Droppings

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17
Q

The eggs/oocysts of which possible parasites may be found on the faecal sample or poultry?

A

Trichostrongyle
Heterakis
Gapeworm
Capilaria
Eimeria spp
Gizzard worm

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18
Q

Which areas can be used to BCS poultry?

A

Fat coverage over the pin bones
Breast muscles

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19
Q

List 5 skeletal conditions that poultry may present with?

A

Kyphosis
Scoliosis
Spondylosis
Bent breast bone
Rickets

20
Q

Describe the skin glands in poultry

A

Generally no skin glands - sebaceous or sweat
Specialised glands = preen/uropygial gland

21
Q

What is the function of the preen/uropygial gland?

A

Produces a lipid secretion for feather maintenance

22
Q

What is the brood pouch?

A
  • Hormone controlled area
  • Prior to laying it loses all of its feathers and it highly vascularised
  • Many thermo-receptors
  • Used to insulate the egg
23
Q

What are the functions of feathers?

A

Flight
Insulation - temperature regulation, insulation/brooding
Behaviour
Moulting

24
Q

What is wing clipping?

A

Removing the first 10 secondary feathers from one wing

25
Q

What are some problems seen that relate to feathers

A
  • Feather pecking
  • Moulting
  • Wing clipping
  • Nutritional disorders
  • De-pluming mite
26
Q

List some skin problems seen in poultry

A
  • Discoloured comb (pale, black, purple, yellow, white spots)
  • Breast blister
  • Wounds
  • Ringworm
  • Bumble foot
  • Erysipelas
  • Mites
27
Q

Name the poultry mite that is red in colour and causes scaly legs

A

Northern fowl mite

28
Q

How can mites be controlled in poultry flocks?

A

Biosecurity
Management
Medications

29
Q

Describe digestion in the proventriculus and gizzard

A
  • Food moves forward and back several times between these two
  • Works like ‘stomach’ and ‘teeth’
  • ‘teeth’ – gizzard must have insoluble grit
30
Q

List the 4 internal parasites that would be found in the intestines of poultry

A
  • Capillaria
  • Ascarids
  • Trichostrongyles
  • Tape worm
31
Q

Name the parasite found in the caeca of poultry

A

Heterakis

32
Q

Heterakis act as a vector for which parasite?

A

Histomonas spp

33
Q

Where is the body is most affected by the gape worm?

A

Respiratory system

34
Q

Describe the treatment for internal worm parasites of poultry

A

Flubendazole - licensed wormer
In food for 7 days

35
Q

How many Eimeria spp are there in the following poultry spp?
- Chicken
- Turkey

A
  • 7
  • 5
36
Q

What is the main clinical signs seen with Histomonas infection?

A

Yellow diarrhoea

37
Q

Canker is the other name given to which infection of poultry?

A

Trichomonosis

38
Q

List 3 non-parasitic causes of digestive tract problems

A

Sour crop/crop mycosis
Crop impaction
Gizzard impaction

39
Q

Describe how an E.coli infection presents in poultry spp

A

Emaciated, dull, lifeless, swollen joints (bacteraemia)
– affects them mostly when immune system drops

40
Q

Why are E.coli infections seen less in commercial settings?

A

Due to culling

41
Q

‘Spotty liver’ in poultry spp is caused by?

A

Campylobacter

42
Q

List 4 viral infections of poultry spp

A

Rotavirus
Reovirus
Coronavirus
Astrovirus

43
Q

What is the cause and consequences of fatty liver syndrome in poultry?

A

Nutritional disorder
Causes a drop in egg production

44
Q

Name the different air sacs in poultry

A

Cervical
Clavicular
Cranial thoracic
Caudal thoracic
Abdominal

45
Q

List some infectious causes of respiratory disease in avian spp

A

Infectious bronchitis
Avian metapneumovirus
Infectious laryngotracheitis
Mycoplasmosis
Aspergillosis
Gape worm
Chlamydiosis

46
Q

List the 3 notifiable diseases of avian spp

A

Newcastle disease
Avian influenza
Pigeon paramyxovirus

47
Q

List the signs of chlamydiosis in avian spp

A

Purulent ocular and nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, dull and depressed, no response to macrolides.
Zoonosis

Y4 FA - Poultry (7 decks)

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