Back & Neck Flashcards
Splenius Cervicis
O: Spinous process of T3 to T6
I: Transverse process of C1 to C3
A: Unilaterally: Ipsilaterally rotate the neck; Ipsilaterally side-bend the neck
Bilaterally: Extend the neck
N: posterior rami lower cervical nerve
Splenius Capitis
O: Lower half of ligamentum nuchae and C7-T4 spinous processes
I: mastoid process, skull below lateral one-third of superior nuchal line
A: Unilaterally: Ipsilaterally rotate the head and neck; Ipsilaterally side-bend the head and neck
Bilaterally: Extend the head and neck
N: posterior rami middle cervical nerves C7-T4
Semispinalis Capitis
O: Transverse process of C7 - T6
I: Between superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occipital bone
A: Extend head and vertebral column, Ipsilaterally rotate head
N: Dorsal rami C7-T6
Semispinalis Cervicis
O: Transverse process T1 - T6
I: Spinous processes C2 - C6
A: Extends cervical spine, side-bending
N: Dorsal rami T1-T6
Iliocostalis lumborum
O: Iliac crest and thoracolumbar aponeurosis
I: Lower 6 ribs and transverse process of lumbar vertebrae
A: Extends lumbar region of the back
N: Dorsal rami, lumbar nerves
Iliocostalis thoracis
O: Posterior surface of lower ribs
I: Posterior surface of upper ribs
A: Extends thoracic region of spine
N: Dorsal rami, lower thoracic nerves
Iliocostalis cervicis
O: Posterior surface of upper 6 ribs
I: Transverse process of cervical vertebrae
A: Extends cervical spine
N: Dorsal rami, upper thoracic nerves
Longissimus thoracis
O: Transverse process of lumbar vertebrae and thoracolumbar fascia
I: Transverse process of all thoracic vertebrae and lower ribs
A: Extend the thoracic spine
N: Dorsal rami, lumbar nerves, spinal
Longissimus cervicis
O: Transverse process of upper thoracic vertebrae
I: Transverse process of cervical vertebrae
A: Extend cervical region of spine
N: Dorsal rami, thoracic nerves
Longissimus capitis
O: Transverse process of upper thoracic vertebrae
I: Mastoid process
A: Extend head, rotate head to same side
N: Dorsal rami, upper thoracic nerves
Spinalis thoracis
O:Spinous processes of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae
I: Spinous process of upper thoracic vertebrae
A: Extend the thoracic spine
N: Dorsal ramis of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic nerves
Multifidus (most prominent in lumbar region)
O: Sacrum, and transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
I: Spinous process of vertebrae, spanning two to four vertebral segments
A:Unilaterally: contralateral trunk rotation
Bilaterally: Stabilizes spine during local movements and extends the vertebral column
N: respective spinal nerves of each region
Rotatores
O:Transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
I: Lamina and spinous process of spine above, spanning one or two segments
A: Stabilize spine during movement
Unilaterally: Rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side
Bilaterally: Extend the vertebral column
N: respective spinal nerves of each region
