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Musculo-Skeletal > Back Muscles > Flashcards

Back Muscles Flashcards

0
Q

Main action of trapezius?

A

Elevation, retraction and rotation of scapula

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1
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the back?

A
  • Trapezius
  • Latissimus dorsi
  • Levator scapulae
  • Rhomboid minor
  • Rhomboid major
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2
Q

Main action of latissimus dorsi?

A

Extends, abducts and medially rotates humerus

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3
Q

Main action of levator scapulae?

A
  • Elevates scapula

- Tilts glenoid cavity by rotating scapula

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4
Q

Main action of the rhomboid minor?

A
  • Retracts scapula
  • Rotates scapula to depress glenoid cavity
  • Fix scapula to thoracic wall
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5
Q

Main action of rhomboid major?

A
  • Retracts scapula
  • Rotates scapula to depress glenoid cavity
  • Fix scapula to thoracic wall
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6
Q

Innervation of trapezius?

A
  • Spinal root of accessory nerve (CN XI)

- C3 & C4 cervical nerves

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7
Q

Innervation of latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerves (C6, C7, C8)

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8
Q

Innervation of levator scapulae?

A
  • Dorsal scapular (C5)

- Cervical nerves (C3 & C4)

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9
Q

Innervation of rhomboid minor?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4 & C5)

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10
Q

Innervation of rhomboid major?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4 & C5)

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11
Q

Proximal attachment of trapezius?

A

“MENS”

  • Medial 1/3 of sup. nuchal line
  • Ext. occipital protuberance
  • Nuchal ligament
  • Spinous processes of C7-T12
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12
Q

Distal attachments of trapezius?

A

“LAS”

  • Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
  • Acromion
  • Spine of scapula
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13
Q

Proximal attachment of latissimus dorsi?

A

“I SIT”

  • Inf. 3/4 ribs
  • Spinous processes of T6-T12
  • Iliac crest
  • Thoracolumbar fascia
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14
Q

Distal attachments of latissimus dorsi?

A

Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

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15
Q

Proximal attachment of levator scapulae?

A

Post. tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4

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16
Q

Distal attachments of levator scapula?

A

Sup. part of medial border of scapula

17
Q

Proximal attachment of rhomboid minor?

A
  • Nuchal ligament

- Spinous processes of C7 & T1

18
Q

Distal attachments of rhomboid minor?

A

Medial border of scapula from level of spine to inf. angle

19
Q

Proximal attachment of rhomboid major?

A

Spinous processes of T2-T5

20
Q

Distal attachment of rhomboid major?

A

Medial border of scapula from level of spine to inf. angle

21
Q

What are the intermediate muscles of the back?

A
  • Serratus posterior sup.

- Serratus posterior inf.

22
Q

What are the superficial intrinsic muscles of the back?

A

Splenius muscles:

  • Splenius capitus
  • Splenius cervicis
23
Q

What are the intermediate intrinsic muscles of the back?

A

Erector spinae muscles (I Love Sex):

  • Iliocostalis
  • Longissimus
  • Spinalis
24
Q

What are the transversospinalis intrinsic muscles of the back?

A
  • Semispinalis muscles: capitus, cervicis and thoracis
  • Multifidus (deep to semispinalis)
  • Rotatores (deep to multifidus)
25
Q

What are the minor deep intrinsic muscles of the back?

A
  • Interspinales
  • Intertranversarii
  • Levator costarum
26
Q

Main action of the splenius muscles?

A
  • Extension of head and neck

- Lateral rotation of head

27
Q

Main action of erector spinae muscles?

A
  • Extension of vertebral column & head

- Lateral bending of vertebral column

28
Q

Main action of transversospinalis muscles?

A
  • Extension of head
  • Extension of thoracic and cervical vertebrae
  • Contralateral rotation of vertebral column
  • Stabilization of vertebral column during movement
29
Q

Main action of minor deep muscle layer?

A

Aids in:

  • extension, rotation and lateral bending of vertebral column
  • elevates ribs for inspiration (levator costarum only)
30
Q

Innervation of splenius muscles?

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

31
Q

Innervation of erector spinae muscles?

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

32
Q

Innervation of transversospinalis muscles?

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

33
Q

Innervation of minor deep muscles layers?

A

Dorsal and ventral rami of spinal nerves

34
Q

Proximal attachment of splenius muscles?

A
  • Nuchal ligament

- Spinous processes (C7-T3)

35
Q

Distal attachment of splenius muscles?

A
  1. S. Capitus:
    - mastoid process
    - sup. nuchal line
  2. S. Cervicis:
    - post. tubercle of transverse processes of C1-C3
36
Q

Proximal attachment of erector spinae muscles?

A
  • Post. part of iliac crest
  • Post. surface of sacrum
  • Sacral & inf. lumbar spinous process
  • Supraspinous ligament
37
Q

Distal attachment of erector spinae muscles?

A
  1. Iliocostalis:
    - angle of lower ribs
    - cervical transverse processes
  2. Longissimus
    - ribs between tubercle and angles
    - transverse processes of thoracic and cervical regions
    - mastoid process of temporal bone
  3. Spinalis
    - Spinous processes in upper thoracic region
    - skull
38
Q

Proximal attachment of transversospinalis muscles?

A
  • Transverse processes

- Sacrum and ilium (multifidus only)

39
Q

Distal attachment of transversospinalis muscles?

A
  1. Semispinalis:
    - occipital bone
    - spinous processes in cervical and thoracic regions
  2. Multifidus
    - spinous processes of vertebrae above it
  3. Rotatores:
    - spinous processes of vertebrae above it
    - skull
40
Q

Proximal attachment of minor deep muscle layer?

A
  1. Interspinales: spinous processes
  2. Intertransversarii: transverse processes
  3. Levator costarum: tips of transverse processes
41
Q

Distal attachment of minor deep muscle layers?

A
  1. Interspinales: sup. spinous processes
  2. Intertranversarii: adjacent transverse processes
  3. Levator costarum: rib (between tubercle and angle)

Musculo-Skeletal (22 decks)

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