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Anatomy > Back Muscles > Flashcards

Back Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Upper Trapezius Insertion and Origin

A

Origin:
*External occipital protuberance and superior nuchal line of occipital bone
* Ligamentum nuchae
* Spinous process of C7

Insertion:
* Posterior aspect of lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
* Acromion of scapula

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2
Q

Middle Trapezius Insertion and Origin

A

Origin:
* Spinous processes of C7-T4

Insertion:
* Acromion of scapula
* Medial ½ of spine of scapula

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3
Q

Lower Trapezius Insertion and Origin

A

Origin:
* Spinous processes of T5-T12

Insertion:
* Medial ½ of spine of scapula

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4
Q

The action of Upper, Middle, and Lower Trap

A

Upper:
* Elevation of scapula
* Retraction of scapula
* Upward rotation of scapula
* Lateral flexion of neck and head
* Extension of neck and head

Middle:
* Retraction of scapula

Lower:
* Depression of scapula
* Retraction of scapula
* Upward rotation of scapula

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5
Q

Innervation of Trapezius

A

Cranial nerve XI (accessory nerve)

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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Origin and Insertion

A

Origin:
* Spinous processes of T7-T12
* Ribs 9 to 12
* Thoracolumbar fascia
* Iliac crest

Insertion:
* Floor of intertubercular sulcus (groove) of humerus

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7
Q

Action and innervation of Latissimus Dorsi

A
  • Adduction of humerus
  • Medial rotation of humerus
  • Extension of humerus

Thoracodorsal nerve

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8
Q

Rhomboid Maj. and Min. Insertion and Origin

A

Maj
Origin:
* Lower part of ligamentum nuchae
* Spinous processes of C7-T1
Insertion:
* Medial border of scapula adjacent to spine of scapula

Min
Origin:
* Spinous processes of T2-T5
Insertion:
* Medial border of scapula inferior to spine of scapula

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9
Q

Innervation of Rhomboid Maj & Minor

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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10
Q

Levator scapula Origin and Insertion

A

Origin:
* Transverse processes of C1-C2
* Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C4

Insertion:
* Superior angle of scapula
* Medial border of scapula superior to spine of scapula

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11
Q

Action and Innervation of Levator scapula

A

Unilateral action:
* Elevation of scapula
* Downward rotation of scapula
* Lateral flexion of neck (ipsilateral)

Bilateral action:
* Extension of neck

Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
* Dorsal scapular nerve

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12
Q

Serratus Posterior Sup. & Inf. Origin and Insertion

A

Sup:
Origin:
* Ligamentum nuchae
* Spinous processes of C7-T3
* Supraspinous ligaments
Insertion:
* External surfaces of 2nd to 5th ribs

Inf:
Origin:
* Spinous processes of T11-L2
* Supraspinous ligaments
Insertion:
* External surfaces of 9th to 12th ribs

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13
Q

Action and innervation of Serratus Posterior Sup. & Inf.

A

Sup.:
* Elevation of ribs #2-5 at costovertebral joints (aids in respiration)

Inf:
Depression of ribs #9-12 at their costovertebral joints (aids in respiration)

Anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves

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14
Q

Splenius Origin and Insertion, Innervation

A

Origin:
* Ligamentum nuchae
* Spinous processes of C7-T3 or T4 vertebrae

Insertion:
* Splenius capitis: fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone
* Splenius cervicis: tubercles of transverse processes of C1-3 or C4 vertebrae

Posterior rami of cervical nerves

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15
Q

erector spinae: from lateral to medial

A

I Love Shamay
Iliocostalis
longissimus
Spinalis

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16
Q

erector spinae: Origin and insertion, innervation

A

Origin:
* Broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes and supraspinous ligament

Insertion:
* Iliocostalis (lumborum, thoracis, and cervicis): fibers run superiorly to angels of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes

  • Longissimus (thoracic, cervicis and capitis): fibers run superiorly to ribs between tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions and to mastoid process of temporal bone.
  • Spinalis (thoracis, cervicis and capitis): fibers run superiorly to spinous processes in upper thoracic region and to cranium.

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

17
Q

Semispinalis OI

A

Thoracis
Cervacis
Capitis

Origin:
* Arises from transverse processes of C4-T10 vertebrae
Insertion:
* Fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and spinous processes in upper thoracic and cervical regions, spanning 4-6 segments.

18
Q

Multifidus OI

A

Origin:
* Posterior superior iliac spine
* Dorsal surface of sacrum
* Mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae
* All transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae
* Articular processes of C4-C7

Insertion:
* Span between 2-4 vertebrae to insert into spinous processes of lumbar, thoracic, and cervical vertebrae

-present throughout vertebral column
-best developed in the lumbar region

19
Q

Rotatores IO

A

Origin:
* Arise from transverse processes of vertebrae

Insertion:
* Brevis: laminae and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae 1 vertebral segment above
* Longus: laminae and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae 2 vertebral segments above

  • present throughout vertebral column
  • best developed in the thoracic region
20
Q

Innervation of transversospinales

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

21
Q

Minor Deep Layer of intrinsic back muscles

A

interspinales
Best developed in cervical and lumbar regions – sometimes absent in thoracic region

Intertransversarii
Intertransversarii muscles are present throughout vertebral column

Levatores costarum

22
Q

Interspinales OI

A

Origin:
* Superior aspect of spinous processes along vertebral column
Insertion:
* Inferior aspect of adjacent spinous processes along vertebral column

23
Q

Intertransversarii IO

A

Origin:
* Transverse processes of cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

Insertion:
* Transverse processes of vertebra superior to origin

24
Q

Levatores costarum IO

A

Origin:
* Transverse processes of C7 and T1-11 vertebrae

Insertion:
* Superior border of rib 1 level below origin

25
Q

Action of Interspinales, Intertransversarii, levatores costarum

A

Interspinales, Intertransversarii:
Stabilization of vertebral column

levatores costarum
Unilateral action:
* Side flexion of vertebral column (ipsilateral)
* Rotation of trunk (contralateral)
Bilateral action:
* Elevation of ribs during inhalation

26
Q

Innervation of Interspinales, Intertransversarii, levatores costarum

A

Interspinales, evatores costarum:
posterior rami of spinal nerve

Intertransversarii:
anterior and posterior rami of spinal nerves

Anatomy (10 decks)

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