Back Arthrology Flashcards
Synovial Joint
Diarthrosis Planar Ginglymus Trochoid Condyloid Sellar Spheroidal Compound
Planar Joint
Synovial
Arthroidal joint
Acromioclavicular Joint
Sliding/gliding movements
Ginglymus joint
Synovial
Hinge
Elbow
Flexion/extension
Trochoid joint
Synovial
Pivot
Atlantoaxial joint
Lateral rotation
Condyloid joint
Synovial
Metacarpophalangeal Joint
Flexion, extension, ADduction, ABduction, circumduction
Sellar joint
Saddle
Carpometacarpal joint
False circumduction without rotation
Spheroidal joint
Ball-and-socket
All movements
Shoulder, hip
Compound synovial
2 or more combined synovial joints
What do all synovial joints contain?
Synovial fluid
Both bones coming together have hyaline cartilage
Joint capsule and inner synovial membrane
Fibrous joint
Synarthrosis Sutures Schindylesis Gomphosis Syndesmosis
Sutures
Fibrous joint
Interlocked bone separated by fibrous CT
Serrated: interlocking bone with jagged edge
Squamous: two beveled surfaces
Planar: two blunt edges joined by fibrous CT
Schindylesis
Fibrous joint
Tongue-in-groove
Gomphosis
Fibrous joint
Peg-in-socket
Teeth in your gums
Syndesmosis
Fibrous joint
Two bones separated by a fibrous membrane
Ulna and radius
Cartilaginous joint
Amphiarthrosis
Primary: Synchondrosis
Secondary: symphysis
Synchondrosis
Primary cartilaginous joint
Temporary joining of hyaline cartilage, usually between the diaphysis and epiphysis of growing bone
Symphisis
Cartilaginous joint
Strong, slightly moveable joints united by fibrocartilage
Compound joint
Combination of any one of the major 3 classes of joints Radioulnar joint (fibrous and pivot joints)
C1/C2 joint
Compound synovial
Trochoid and planar synovial
Intervertebral joints
C3-S1
Symphysis
S5/Coccyx 1 joint
Symphysis
Zygopophyseal joint
C1-S1
Planar synovial
Joint of Luschka
Joint between the uncinate process of the inferior vertebra and beveled inferior surface of the superior vertebra in cervical vertebra
Anterior Longitudinal L.
Lines the anterior surface of the vertebral bodies
Posterior Longitudinal L.
Lines the posterior/dorsal portion of the vertebral bodies
Ligamentum Flavum
Pale yellow fibers that travel on the ventral surfaces of ventral laminae
Interspinous L.
Travel between adjacent spinous processes of vertebrae
Intratransverse L.
Travels between transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae
Supraspinous L.
Travels on the posterior/dorsal surface of the spinous processes
Continued as ligamentum nuchae in the cervical region
Intervertebral discs
Annulus fibrosis: tough fibrous outer part of discs
Nucleus pulposus: soft, gelatinous inner part of discs
Herniation of discs
Usually occurs posterolaterally because of the anterior and posterior longitudinal L. Placement
L4/L5 or L5/S1
Resultant bulge compress spinal nerves
Second number rule
If an injury occurs to the cervical and lumbar regions of the spinal cord, the vertebral level at which the prolapse occurred will affect the spinal nerve of the second affected vertebra
Injury at C4/C5, C5 spinal nerve is affected
L4/L5, L5 spinal nerve is affected
Atlantooccipital Joint
Between Atlas and occipital B.
Anterior atlantoocipital membrane: from anterior longitudinal L.; from anterior arch of Atlas to the basilar occipital B.
Tectorial membrane: from posterior longitudinal L.; from the posterior surface of the body of the axis to the anterior internal margin of the foramen magnum
Posterior atlantoocipital membrane: from ligamentum flavum; from the anterior surface of the posterior arch of the Atlas to the posterior internal margin of the foremen magnum
Median Atlantoaxial Joint
Between Atlas (C1) and Axis (C2) Trochoid synovial joint
Cruciate L.
Superior longitudinal band: from transverse L. To occipital B.
Transverse L: from tubercle of transverse L. around the odontoid process and to the contralateral tubercle of transverse L.
Inferior Longitudinal L.: From transverse L. To Axis
Alar L.
From odontoid process of axis to the lateral margins of the foramen magnum
Apical L.
From apex of odontoid process to the foramen magnum
Lateral atlantoaxial joint
Planar synovial joint
Between superior and inferior articulating processes of the Atlas and Axis
Atlantoaxial joint
Compound synovial
Trochoid and planar
Lumbosacral Joint
Compound joint
Symphysis and planar synovial
Iliolumbar L.
Travels from the transverse processes of L5 to the iliac crest
Lumbosacral L.
Travels from the transverse process of L5 to the Ala of sacrum
