B9 - Respiration

Question 1

Aerobic respiration

Answer 1

Occurs in the presence of oxygen and in most cells most of the time

Takes place in the mitochondria

O₂ is present

Question 2

Aerobic respiration formula

Answer 2

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP (energy)

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP (energy)

Opposite to photosynthesis

Question 3

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 3

Occurs without oxygen and much less frequently than aerobic respiration

Takes place in the cytoplasm

O₂ is not present

Question 4

Anaerobic respiration formula in muscles

Answer 4

Glucose → lactic acid + ATP (energy)

C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₃H₆O₃ + ATP (energy)

Question 5

Anaerobic respiration formula in yeast

Answer 5

Glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide + ATP (energy)

C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂ + ATP (energy)

Question 6

Lactic acid

Answer 6

Taken to the liver via the bloodstream and;

oxidised to CO₂ or H₂O
or
converted into glucose, then glycogen

Question 7

Metabolism

Answer 7

The sum off all chemical reactions in a cell / body

E.g. respiration, breakdown of protein, forming lipids from glycerol and fatty acids

Question 8

Function of the liver

Answer 8

Detoxifying poisonous substances (ethanol from alcohol)

Breaking down worn blood cells

Remove lactic acid

Question 9

Hepatic portal vein

Answer 9

Carries blood containing digested food from the intestines to the liver

Question 10

Hepatic artery

Answer 10

Brings oxygenated blood to the liver

Question 11

Hepatic vein

Answer 11

Carries blood from the liver to the heart with level of food adjusted