B7 - Non-Communicable Diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

Non-communicable

A

Diseases that are not spread through infection or through other people, but are typically caused by unhealthy behaviours

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2
Q

Risk factor

A

Something that increases your chance of getting a disease

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3
Q

Incidence

A

The number of people diagnosed with a particular disease in a particular population of people at a particular time

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4
Q

Prevalence

A

The number of people who have a particular condition, regardless of whether they were just diagnosed, or even whether they’ve been diagnosed at all

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5
Q

Mortality

A

The number of deaths per unit of population from a specific disease

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6
Q

Cancer

A

When cells divide and grow controllably

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7
Q

Causes of cancer

A

Smoking = lung cancer

Over-radiation = skin cancer

Stress

Alcohol

Drugs

Diet

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8
Q

Malignant tumors

A

Grows quickly, invades neighbouring tissue

Spreads to other parts of the body via the bloodstream

Cancer cells detach forming secondary tumors in others parts of the body

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9
Q

Benign tumors

A

Grows slowly, within a membrane

Easily be removed

Dangerous if put pressure on

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10
Q

Tar

A

A chemical substance made when tobacco is burned

Makes it hard to take in O2

Damages cilia cells

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11
Q

Carbon monoxide

A

A poisonous gas that is released when smoking

Binds to red blood cells so they cannot carry O2

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12
Q

Nicotine

A

A highly addictive substance in cigarettes

Causes high blood pressure which leads to heart disease

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13
Q

Obesity

A

When you take in more energy than needed so the excess is stored as fat

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14
Q

Diseases caused by poor diet + exercise

A

Type II diabetes

Arthritis

High blood pressure

Heart disease - - strokes

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15
Q

Alcohol

A

Depressant drugs that slows down the brain and the nervous system `

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16
Q

Carcinogens

A

A substance capable of causing cancer in living tissues

17
Q

Effects of drinking excess alcohol

A

Damages liver and causes liver cirrhosis

Mental health problems

Strokes

18
Q

Effects of alcohol on unborn babies

A

Causes a premature birth

Birth defects

Learning problems

Brain damage