B8-052 Bladder/Penile Neoplasia Flashcards
papillary urothelial neoplasms arise from […] mutations [2]
RAS
FGFR3
flat urothelial carcinoma in situ arises from […] mutations [2]
p53
RB
risk factors for bladder cancer
A carcinogen ACTS on the bladder:
Aniline dye (textile, leather, rubber)
Cyclophosphamide
Tobacco
Schistosomiasis (SCC)
Malignant tumor arising from the urothelial lining of the renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, or urethra
urothelial carcinoma
Most common type of lower urinary tract cancer; usually arises in the bladder
urothelial carcinoma
benign bladder neoplasm occurring in younger patients
finger-like papillae with a fibrovascular core
urothelial papilloma
benign neoplasm of the bladder
inter-anastomosing cords of urothelium that extend down into the lamina propria
inverted papilloma
Tumors are often multifocal and recur (“field defect”)
urothelial CIS
cytologically malignant cells within a flat urothelium
“full-thickness cytologic atypia”
urothelial CIS
arises from urachal remnants or in associated with extensive intestinal metaplasia
adenocarcinoma of the bladder
what type of cancer should be ruled out in diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the bladder?
prostate
[…] grade papillary tumors: usually pedunculated with a papillary surface; and noninvasive
low
[…] grade papillary tumors: usually sessile and nodular/solid; and invasive (invading lamina propria or deeper tissues)
high
schistosomiasis is linked to […] of the bladder
SCC
(classically, patient from Middle east or Africa)
cerebral palsy and neurogenic bladder are linked to […] of the bladder
SCC
(due to chronic irritation via intermittent catherization)
sheets of blue cells with nuclear moulding and crush artifact
synaptophysin and chromogranin +
small cell carcinoma
(indistinguishable from other small cell carcinomas; NETs)
tumor of the detrusor muscle
positive desmin stain
negative cytokeratin stain
leiomyosarcoma
immunotherapy used for CIS, high-grade, and multifocal papillary bladder tumors
BCG
urothelial carcinoma tumors with FGFR3 mutations can be treated with
erdafitinib
benign epithelial tumor of the penis
condyloma acuminatum
malignant carcinomas of the penis [2]
CIS/PeIN
SCC
what HPV serotypes cause condyloma acuminatum?
6, 11
[…] DNA is significantly associated with penile SCC exhibiting basaloid changes
HPV
what HPV serotypes have strong correlation to penile cancers? [3]
6, 16, 18
what HPV serotype is a favorable prognostic factor for penile cancers?
16
92% of recurrences of penile cancer occur within […] years
5
single most important prognostic factor indicating long term survival for penile cancers
inguinal lymph node metastasis
penile SCC metastasizes to the […] lymph node first
inguinal
associated with urachal remnant or intestinal metaplasia
adenocarcinoma
(malignant glands)
ulcerative lesion with infiltrative tumor nests and intracellular bridges
keratin pearls
SCC
papillary tumors with koilocytes
condyloma acuminatum
