B7.033 Prework 2: Autonomic Control of the Eye

Question 1

components of the anterior chamber

Answer 1

pupillary dilator
pupillary constrictor
ciliary muscles

Question 2

pupillary dilator

Answer 2

radial muscles in iris
arranged like spokes on a wheel around the iris
a adrenergic

Question 3

pupillary constrictor

Answer 3

circular muscles in iris

muscarinic

Question 4

ciliary muscle

Answer 4

sphincter muscle that rounds lens

muscarinic

Question 5

secretory epithelium of the ciliary body

Answer 5

forms the aqueous humor which flows into the eye and increases ocular pressure
B adrenergic

Question 6

how does aqueous humor drain

Answer 6

trabecular meshwork and the canal of Schlemm (in the ciliary body)

Question 7

actions in the eye produced by parasympathetic system activity

Answer 7

miosis: contraction of circular pupillary constrictor
accommodation: contraction of ciliary muscle, puts tension on trabecular meshwork, opens pores and facilitates outflow of aqueous humor
lacrimation

Question 8

accommodation of eye

Answer 8

ciliary muscle contracted
increased depth of field
more round / refractive lens

Question 9

function of accommodation

Answer 9

focus on near object

promotes aqueous humor drainage

Question 10

actions in the eye produced by sympathetic system activity

Answer 10

mydriasis: contraction of radial pupillary dilator muscles

secretion of aqueous humor: stimulated ciliary epithelium via B adrenergic activity, increases intraocular pressure

Question 11

2 types of glaucoma

Answer 11

open angle: oversecretion

closed angle: blockage of outflow

Question 12

treatment of closed angle glaucoma

Answer 12

increase drainage
stimulate muscarinic activity
-opens trabecular meshwork
muscarinic agonists
-carbachol (direct)
-physostigmine (indirect)

Question 13

treatment of open angle glaucoma

Answer 13

decrease aqueous humor secretion
inhibit B adrenergic activity
b adrenergic antagonists
-timolol (topical, long half life)