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BMB Test 2 > B7.026 Brain Stem Anatomic & Functional Correlations > Flashcards

B7.026 Brain Stem Anatomic & Functional Correlations Flashcards

1
Q

components of the brainstem

A 
from rostral to caudal
thalamus
midbrain
pons
medulla
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2
Q

major segments of the neural tube

A

ventral = motor
central canal
dorsal = sensory

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3
Q

spinal cord framework

A 
central gray
-sensory dorsal
-motor ventral
peripheral white
-intersegmental communication
- 'long tracts'
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4
Q

endbrain CNs

A

I, II

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5
Q

midbrain CNs

A

III, IV

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6
Q

pons CNs

A

V, VI, VII, VIII

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7
Q

medulla CNs

A

IX, X, XI, XII

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8
Q

3 layers of brainstem

A 
ventral = motor
middle = sensory
posterior = nuclear (contains CN nuclei)
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9
Q

general structure of medulla cross section

A 
ventral/motor
-pyramidal corticospinal tracts
middle/sensory
-central: ML tracts
-lateral: ALS tracts
posterior/nuclear
-medial: motor nuclei
-lateral: sensory nuclei
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10
Q

general structure of the pons cross section

A

ventral/motor
-pyramidal corticospinal tracts (basis pontis)
middle/sensory
-central: ML tracts (thinner than medulla)
posterior/nuclear
-medial: motor nuclei
-lateral: sensory nuclei

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11
Q

general structure of the midbrain cross section

A 
ventral/motor
-pyramidal corticospinal tracts (cerebral peduncles)
middle/sensory
-central: ML tracts
posterior/nuclear
-medial: motor nuclei
-lateral: sensory nuclei
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12
Q

SE

A

somatic efferents

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13
Q

GSA

A

general somatic afferents

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14
Q

GVE

A

general visceral efferents

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15
Q

VA

A

visceral afferents

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16
Q

SVE

A

special visceral efferents

branchial arch derived skeletal muscle

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17
Q

SSA

A

special somatic afferents

motion / sound sensing

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18
Q

midbrain SE nuclei

A

oculomotor

trochlear

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19
Q

pons SE nuclei

A

abducens

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20
Q

medulla SE nuclei

A

hypoglossal

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21
Q

midbrain GSA nuclei

A

mesencephalic

-unconscious proprioception

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22
Q

pons GSA nuclei

A

proper
-fine tough and proprioception
descending
-pain and temp

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23
Q

medulla GSA nuclei

A

descending

-pain and temp

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24
Q

midbrain GVE nuclei

A

pupillomotor

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25
Q

pons GVE nuclei

A

superior salivatory
-tears
inferior salivatory
-saliva

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26
Q

medulla GVE nuclei

A

dorsal nucleus X

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27
Q

medulla VA nuceli

A

solitary nucleus

-gustatory toward top

28
Q

input to solitary nucleus

A

carotid body
-baroreceptors and chemoreceptors (IX)
aortic arch
-baroreceptors and chemoreceptors (X)

29
Q

input to gustatory segment of solitary nucleus

A 
posterior 1/3 tongue
-sensory and taste (IX)
anterior 2/3 tongue
-sensory (V3)
-taste (VII)
30
Q

pons SVE nuclei

A

motor nucleus V
-mastication
facial nucleus
-facial muscles

31
Q

medulla SVE nuclei

A 
nucleus ambiguous
-pharyngeal
-trapezius and SCM
accessory nucleus
-trapezius and SCM
32
Q

cervical cord SVE nuclei

A

accessory nucleus

-trapezius and SCM

33
Q

pons / medulla SSA nuclei

A

vestibular

cochlear

34
Q

CN III nuclei

A

SE
-oculomotor
GVE
-pupillomotor

35
Q

CN III functions

A 
medial rectus
superior rectus
inferior rectus
inferior oblique
lev palbebrae
pupil constriction
36
Q

CN IV nuclei

A

SE

-trochlear

37
Q

CN IV functions

A

superior oblique

38
Q

CN VI nuclei

A

SE

-abducens

39
Q

CN VI functions

A

lateral rectus

40
Q

CN V nuclei

A

SVE
-motor nucleus V
GSA
-all 3 brainstem nuclei (mesencephalic, proper, descending)

41
Q

CN V function

A

muscles of mastication

sensation to face, mouth

42
Q

CN VII nuclei

A 
SVE
-facial nerve
GVE
-superior salivatory
VA
-solitary nucleus (gustatory)
GSA
-descending
43
Q

CN VII functions

A

face muscles, stapedius, digastric
taste anterior 2/3 tongue
ear region sensation
lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual glands

44
Q

CN VIII nuclei

A

SSA

  • vestibular
  • cochlear
45
Q

CN VIII functions

A

hearing

vestibular

46
Q

CN IX nuclei

A 
SVE
-nucleus ambiguous
VA
-solitary nucleus
-gustatory portion of solitary
GSA
-descending
47
Q

CN IX functions

A 
*primarily sensory
taste posterior 1/3 tongue
sensation posterior pharynx and ear
carotid body
parotid gland
stylopharyngeus
48
Q

CN X nuclei

A 
SVE
-nucleus ambiguous
GVE
-dorsal nucleus X
VA
-solitary nucleus
GSA
-descending nucleus
49
Q

CN X functions

A 
pharyngeal muscles
laryngeal muscles
sensation pharynx and ear
aortic arch baro / chemo receptors
parasympathetic to viscera
50
Q

CN XI nuclei

A

SVE

  • nucleus ambiguous
  • accessory nucleus
51
Q

CN XI functions

A

trapezius

SCM

52
Q

CN XII nuclei

A

SE

-hypoglossal

53
Q

CN XII functions

A

intrinsic tongue muscles

54
Q

all nuclei in nuclear portion of medulla

A 
medial > lateral
hypoglossal
dorsal nucleus X
solitary
nucleus ambiguous
descending
55
Q

CN origins in medulla

A

X and IX: dorsal nucleus X, solitary, descending, ambiguous
XI: ambiguous
XII: hypoglossal

56
Q

gag reflex

A

stimulation of posterior oropharynx via CN IX (descending path)
information shared to nucleus ambiguous
response is palatal elevation via CN X

57
Q

all nuclei in nuclear portion of pons

A 
medial > lateral
abducens
facial/motor nucleus
superior/inferior salivatory
main sensory nucleus
58
Q

corneal reflex

A

corneal sensation afferent via CN V

eye closure response via CN VII efferent

59
Q

CN origins in pons

A

V: main sensory nucleus, motor nucleus (trigeminal)
VI: abducens
VII: facial, salivatory, main sensory (descending)

60
Q

all nuclei in nuclear portion of midbrain

A

medial > lateral
pupillomotor (Edinger Westphal)
oculomotor
mesencephalic

61
Q

CN origins in midbrain

A

III: oculomotor, pupillomotor
IV: trochlear

62
Q

corticobulbar innervation of facial nucleus

A

bilateral upper face innervation

contralateral lower face innervation

63
Q

corticobulbar innervation of motor nucleus V

A

bilateral innervation of mastication muscles

64
Q

corticobulbar innervation of bulbar motor nuclei

A

bilateral innervation of nucleus ambiguous and hypoglossal nucleus

65
Q

UMN lesion of corticobulbar tract

A

pseudo-bulbar

66
Q

LMN lesion of corticobulbar tract

67
Q

corticobulbar innervation of spinal accessory nucleus

A

ipsilateral

BMB Test 2 (22 decks)

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