B7 Non-communicable diseases

Question 1

benign tumours

Answer 1

growths of abnormal cells that are contained in one area, usually within a membrane, and do not invade other tissues

Question 2

cancer

Answer 2

the common name for a malignant tumour, formed as a result of changes in cells that lead to uncontrolled growth and division

Question 3

carcinogens

Answer 3

agents that cause cancer or significantly increase the risk of developing cancer

Question 4

causal mechanism

Answer 4

something that explains how one factor influences another

Question 5

correlation

Answer 5

an apparent link or relationship between two factors

Question 6

ionising radiation

Answer 6

has enough energy to cause ionisation in the materials it passes through, which in turn can make them
biologically active and may result in mutation and cancer

Question 7

malignant tumours

Answer 7

invade neighbouring tissues and spread to different parts of the body in the blood where they form secondary tumours. They are also known as cancers

Question 8

tumour

Answer 8

a mass of abnormally growing cells that forms when the cells do not respond to the normal mechanisms that control growth and when control of the cell cycle is lost