B5 Communicable diseases

Question 1

agar gel

Answer 1

widely used solid (gel) culture medium used for growing microorganisms

Question 2

aphids

Answer 2

insects that penetrate the plant phloem and feed on the dissolved food. They act as plant pathogens and are also vectors that carry pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and fungi into healthy plant tissue

Question 3

binary fission

Answer 3

reproduction by simple cell division, for example in bacteria

Question 4

chlorosis

Answer 4

the yellowing seen on the leaves of plants when they cannot make chlorophyll due to a lack of magnesium ions

Question 5

communicable (infectious) disease

Answer 5

disease caused by pathogens that can be passed from one organism to another

Question 6

culture medium

Answer 6

a liquid or gel used to support the growth of microorganisms or other cultures, often containing specific nutrients

Question 7

inoculate

Answer 7

introducing microorganisms to a culture medium, or introducing modified microorganisms into an individual to protect them against disease

Question 8

microorganisms

Answer 8

organisms that are usually single-celled and can only be seen using a microscope . They include bacteria, fungi, viruses and protists

Question 9

mutation

Answer 9

a change in the genetic material of an organism

Question 10

non-communicable diseases

Answer 10

are not infectious and cannot be passed from one organism to another

Question 11

pathogens

Answer 11

microorganisms that cause disease

Question 12

sexually transmitted disease (STD)

Answer 12

transmitted from an infected person to an uninfected person by unprotected sexual contact

Question 13

vaccine

Answer 13

dead or inactive pathogenic material used in vaccination to develop immunity to a disease in a healthy person

Question 14

virus

Answer 14

pathogens that are much smaller than bacteria and can only reproduce inside living cells of other organisms