B7 Non-communicable diseases

Question 1

state what a non-communicable disease is

Answer 1

its a disease that cannot be passed from one individual to another

Question 2

state risk factors for non-communicable diseases

Answer 2

aspects of a persons lifestyle:
-smoking
-lack of excersise
-overeating

substances present in the environment or in the body e.g UV light from the sun, ionising radiation

Question 3

What are benign tumours?

Answer 3

Form in one place and don’t spread to other tissues.

Question 4

What are malignant tumours?

Answer 4

cancers
-Invade neighbouring tissues and spread to different parts of the body in blood

Question 5

state risk factors for cancer

Answer 5

-smoking, linked with lung cancer
-obesity, many different cancers
-UV exposure, skin cancer
-Viral infection, liver cancer

theres also genetic risks for cancer

Question 6

state 2ways cancer can be treated

Answer 6

-radiotherapy
-chemotherapy

Question 7

state how radiotherapy can help treat cancer

Answer 7

-where cancer cells are destroyed by targeted doses of radiation
-this stops mitosis of cancer cells but also damages healthy cells

Question 8

state how chemotherapy can help treat cancer

Question 9

What can smoking cause?

Answer 9

-Cardiovascular disease including coronary heart disease,
-lung cancer,
-lung diseases such as bronchitis and COPD.

Question 10

explain why a pregnant women shiuldnt smoke

Answer 10

-A fetus exposed to smoke has restricted oxygen which can cause premature birth, low birthweight or stillbirth.

Question 11

what can diet increase the risk of

Answer 11

-developing cardiovascular and other diseases directly through cholestrol levels and through obesity

Question 12

Alcohol

Answer 12

-Can damage the liver
-cause cirrhosis and liver cancer.

in a pregnant women
-can affect development of the unborn baby