B.4 Organisation in plants

Question 1

What does xylem tissue do?

Answer 1

Transports water and mineral ions from the roots to the stems and leaves.

Question 2

What does phloem do?

Answer 2

Transport dissolved sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

Question 3

What is transpiration?

Answer 3

Loss of water vapour from the leaves through the stomata (open for carbon dioxide for photosynthesis). Guard cells control this.

Question 4

plant cells are oganised into

Answer 4

tissues and organs

Question 5

name 5plant organs

Answer 5

-epidermal tissue, covers/protects the whole plant
-palisade mesophyll tissue, contains chloroplasts and where photosynthesis happens
-spongy mesophyll tissue, contains some chloroplasts, but has a big air space to allow gases to diffuse in and out of cells

-xylem carries water and dissolved minerals and phloem carries dissolved food from leaves
-meristem tissue, able to change into lots of different types of plant cells

Question 6

state the 4 tissues that make up a leaf

Answer 6

-epidermal
-mesophyll
-xylem
-phloem

Question 7

state the job of the leaf

Answer 7

carry out photosynthesis

Question 8

state the job of the stem

Answer 8

to support leaves and flowers

Question 9

state the job of the roots

Answer 9

-to take up water and minerals from soil

Question 10

state the job of phloem

Answer 10

transport dissolved foos

Question 11

state the job of the epidermal tissue

Answer 11

to cover the plant

Question 12

state the job of the xylem

Answer 12

transport water and minerals

Question 13

state the job of the phloem

Answer 13

transport dissolved food

Question 14

state the job of the mesophyll

Answer 14

carry out photosynthesis

Question 15

4factors affecting rate of transpiration

Answer 15

-increase light intensity
-increase temperature
-increase air movement
-low humidity

Question 16

state how temperature affects photosynthesis

Answer 16

-as temp increases molecules move faster so diffusion occurs quicker
-rate of photosynthesis increases so stomata’s open for gas exchange to take place

Question 17

state how light intensity affects transpiration

Answer 17

-brighter the light, greater transpiration rate

Question 18

state how air flow affects transpiration

Answer 18

-strong wind= greater transpiration rate

Question 19

state how humidity affects transpiration

Answer 19

drier the air= faster transpiration

low humidity means less water vapour molecules in the air outside the leaf

Question 20

define transpiration

Answer 20

the loss of water vapour from the surface of plant leaves

Question 21

where is water lost

Answer 21

through the stomata
-opens to let carbon dioxide for photosynthesis

Question 22

what do stomata and guard cells do

Answer 22

control gas exchange and water loss