B6 Preventing and treating disease

Question 1

What is vaccination?

Answer 1

Introducing dead of inactive small amounts of pathogens into your body to stimulate white blood cells to produce antibodies.

Question 2

what happens if a pathogen enters the body

Answer 2

the immune system tries to destroy it

Question 3

state what vaccinations do

Answer 3

-small amounts of dead or inactive forms of a pathogen is introduced into your body
-to stimulate the white blood cells to produce antibodies

Question 4

pros of vaccination

Answer 4

-helped control communicable diseases that were ONCE common in the UK, EG- measles, smallpox, polio

Question 5

cons of vaccination

Answer 5

-don’t always work
-can have a bad reaction to the vaccine

Question 6

what do painkillers do for diseases

Answer 6

treat the symptoms but do not kill pathogens that cause it

Question 7

explain how antibiotics work differently

Answer 7

cure bacterial diseases by killing the bacterial pathogens inside the body
-they’ve reduced deaths from infectious diseases

Question 8

state how traditioanlly drugs were extracted

Answer 8

-from plants e.g digitals or
-from micro-organisms e.g penicillin

Question 9

who was Penicillin discovered by

Answer 9

Alexander Fleming from Penicillium mould
-in 1928

Question 10

What are new drugs tested for?

Answer 10

-Efficacy,
-Toxicity,
-Dosage

Question 11

What is preclinical testing?

Answer 11

Testing in a lab on cells, tissues and live animals.

Question 12

where are new drugs tested

Answer 12

in the labortary using cells, tissues and live animals

Question 13

What are clinical trials?

Answer 13

trials that use healthy volunteers and patients. -Low doses are used for safety, followed by higher doses to test for optimum dose.

Question 14

what happens in double blind trials

Answer 14

some patients are given a placebo