B7 - Non-communicable diseases Flashcards
What does a benign mean?
A tumour that isn’t cancerous. They will grow to a considerable size, but will not destroy tissue and won’t travel around the body.
What are carcinogens?
A cancerous substance.
What is coronary heart disease?
A disease affecting the coronary arteries which supply the muscle of the heart with blood.
What is a deficiency disease?
Any disease that is caused by an inadequate intake of essential nutrients.
What does malignant mean?
A tumour that is cancerous and can destroy tissue around it and travel around the body
What does health mean?
A persons mental or physical condition
Name some causes of cancer?
tobacco use, alcohol, obesity, radiation, age, chemicals, diet, viral infections and Genetics
Name some treatments to cancer and how they work.
-Chemotherapy- uses drugs to kill cancer
-Hormone therapy - stops or slows growth of breast or prostate cancers
-Hyperthermia- heat applied to kill cancer cells
-immunotherapy- helps immune system fight cancer.
Describe the smoking practical?
How to calculate BMI?
Weight (kg)/ height (m) ^2
Name some diseases that can be caused by smoking?
Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung diseases, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
How does alcohol damage the liver?
-The patient begins by feeling sick, experiences weight loss and loss of appetite. There is a yellowing of the eyes, confusion, drowsiness and vomiting blood.
-Alcohol causes lipids to build up in the
liver which is called fatty liver disease.
-Alcohol damage leads to alcoholic
hepatitis, which can lead to death.
-Cirrhosis of the liver can develop - the liver becomes scarred and loses its ability to function.
-The changes are now irreversible and the reduced ability to process alcohol can also lead to brain damage.
