B6 Physics Flashcards
What is the equation to calculate density?
Density = Mass (KG) / Volume (Metres cubed)
What is the unit that density is measured in
kg/metres cubed
What do you use to measure the mass of a solid
An electronic balance
What is the formula to measure the volume of a regular solid
Length X Width X Height
How to work out the volume of a small irregular solid
You lower it onto a thread into a water filled measuring cylinder and then measure the rise in water levels
How do you measure the density of a liquid
Measure the mass of an empty beaker using a balance. Then pour in the water into the beaker and place it back on the balance. Subtract the mass of the empty beaker from the mass of the full beaker
What is the formula to calculate the mass of an object (HINT rearrange the previous equation)
Mass = density X volume
What is the formula to calculate the volume of an object (HINT rearrange the previous equation)
Volume = Mass / Density
When a substance changes state what remains the same?
The number of particles
Does the mass of a substance that has changed state stay the same?
Yes
What position are the particles in in a solid
A fixed position
What can the particles in a liquid do
They can move around at random and are in contact with each other
What can the particles in a gas do?
They can move around freely and are far apart (Don’t touch each other)
What is one thing that can affect melting or boiling point of a liquid?
Impurities in the water
When a substance is changing state what happens to the temperature?
It stays the same
What is latent heat?
It is the energy transferred to a substance when it changes state
When does evaporation occur
From the surface of a liquid when its temperature is below its boiling point.
What is specific heat capacity
The energy required to raise one kilogram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.
What is the formula to find the change in thermal energy
Change in thermal energy = mass X specific heat capacity X temperature change.
What happens to the particles of a solid when they are heated
The particles vibrate and eventually break away from the structure (the solid melts)
What happens to the pressure of gas when you increase the volume
It decreases
What happens to the pressure of gas when you decrease the volume
It increases
What is the pressure of a gas on a surface caused by?
The particles of gas repeatedly hitting the surface
What is specific latent heat
The the amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance without changing its temperature
What is the formula to find out specific latent heat of fusion
specific latent heat of fusion (J/kg) = energy (Joules) / mass (KG)
Rearrange the equation to find the energy transferred to a solid at its melting point
E = M X L
What is evidence of the random motion of gas particles
The unpredictable motion of smoke particles
