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Science > B1 Test > Flashcards

B1 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

How many micrometres in a mm

A

1000

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2
Q

How many nanometres (NM) in a micrometre (Um)

A

1000

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3
Q

What are Electron microscopes usually used to magnify

A

Sub-cellular structures inside cells

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4
Q

How can you calculate the magnification you are using

A

Magnification of eyepiece lense X magnification of objective lens

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5
Q

What is the formula for magnification

A

Magnification = size of image/ size of real object

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6
Q

How much can light microscopes magnify objects?

A

2000 X

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7
Q

How much can Electron microscopes magnify objects?

A

2000000 X

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8
Q

what is the cell membrane

A

The membrane around the contents of a cell that controls what moves in and out

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9
Q

What is Cellulose

A

The complex carbohydrate that makes up plant and algal cell walls and gives them strength

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10
Q

What is the Cell Wall

A

The rigid structure around the plant and algal cells that is made from cellulose and strengthens the cell

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11
Q

What are Chloroplasts

A

The organelles in which photosynthesis take place

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12
Q

What is Chlorophyll

A

The green pigment contained in chloroplasts

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13
Q

What is cytoplasm

A

The water-based gel in which the organelles of all living cells are suspended

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14
Q

What is the permanent vacuole

A

A space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap

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15
Q

What do plant cells contain that animal cells do not

A

Chloroplasts, permanant vacuole and cell wall

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16
Q

What are some features of eukaryotic cells

A

A cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material enclosed in a nucleus

17
Q

What are some features of Prokaryotic cells

A

They consist of cytoplasm an a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall. No nucleus. Genetic material in a single dna loop.

18
Q

Are bacteria eukaryotic cells of prokaryotes

A

Prokaryotes

19
Q

Name 3 specialised animal cells

A

Muscle cells, nerve cells and sperm cells

20
Q

what is one adaptation of a sperm cell

A

A long tail to swim

21
Q

What is one adaptation of a muscle cell

A

They contain special proteins that slide over each other making the fibres contract

22
Q

What is one adaptation of a nerve cell

A

They are adapted to carry electrical impulses from one part of the body to another

23
Q

What are 3 examples of specialised plant cells

A

Root hair cells, xylem cells and phloem cells

24
Q

What is one adaptation of a xylem cell

A

Very strong and are able to withstand the pressure of water moving up the plant.

25
Q

What is one adaptation of a root hair cell

A

They have a large permanent vacuole to speed up the movement of water into the plant

26
Q

What is diffusion

A

The spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration down a concentration gradient

27
Q

What are 3 things that the rate of diffusion can be affected by

A

The difference in concentrations, the temperature and the space

28
Q

What is osmosis

A

The movement of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane.

29
Q

What causes osmosis

A

Differences in the concentration of solutions inside and outside a cell

30
Q

What is active transport

A

It is the movement of substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution (against a concentration gradient) using energy released from food in respiration.

31
Q

What surface to volume ratio do single-celled organisms have?

A

A relatively large surface area to volume ratio

32
Q

what are ribosomes

A

where protein synthesis takes place

33
Q

What are the features of prokaryotic cells

A

cytoplasm, cell membrane, flagella, DNA loops

34
Q

What is the flagella

A

A long protein strand that lashes out to move themselves

35
Q

What is mitochondria

A

The organelle where respiration takes place

Science (15 decks)

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