B5- Enzymes Flashcards
What are enzymes made out of?
Proteins
Catalyst definition
a substance which increases the rate of reaction without being changed during the reaction.
What does an enzyme collide with?
Substrate
Definition of complementary
the enzyme has a complementary shape to the substrate that binds with it (matches)
What is the stage of reaction called when the enzyme and substrate binds
enzyme-substrate complex
What part of the enzyme does the substrate bind with?
Active site
Key-Lock Theory
Substrate fits into an enzyme like a key fits into a lock. if substrate isn’t the right one and doesn’t fit, the enzyme won’t catalyse the reaction.
Why are enzymes necessary?
they maintain reaction speeds
- without them, we wouldn’t be able to live at the slow pace of metabolic reactions
What happens to a substrate once it binds with an enzyme?
a product is formed (either split or joined)
Define enzymes
proteins that are involved in an metabolic reaction, where they function as biological catalysts.
How does a lower temperature affect enzyme activities
The lower the temperature, the slower the rate of reaction. (less kinetic energy)
Enzymes and substrates will move slower.
less successful collisions
Define Optimum temperature
The temperature at which enzyme activities is at it’s highest.
Define Kinetic energy (in-context)
Random movement energy by enzyme and substrate (higher temperature=higher energy)
Define successful collisions
When enzymes and substrate bump into each other with enough energy for a chemical reaction to take place.
How does a higher temperature affect enzyme activities
- after it’s optimum, the enzyme starts to denature and can no longer bind.
- rate of reaction drops
