B5 - Communicable Diseases

Question 1

Communicable (infectious) disease

Answer 1

Disease caused by pathogens that can be passed from one organism to another.

Question 2

Microorganisms

Answer 2

Organisms that are usually single-celled and can only be seen using a microscope. They include bacteria, fungi, viruses and protists.

Question 3

Non-communicable diseases

Answer 3

Are not infectious and cannot be passed from one organism to another.

Question 4

Pathogens

Answer 4

Microorganisms that cause disease.

Question 5

Sexually transmitted disease (STD)

Answer 5

Transmitted from an infected person to an uninfected person by unprotected sexual contact.

Question 6

Vaccine

Answer 6

Dead or inactive pathogenic material used in vaccination to develop immunity to a disease in a healthy person.

Question 7

Virus

Answer 7

Pathogens that are much smaller than bacteria and can only reproduce inside living cells of other organisms.

Question 8

Agar gel

Answer 8

Widley used solid (gel) culture medium for growing microorganisms.

Question 9

Aphids

Answer 9

Insects that penetrate the plant phloem and feed on the dissolved food. They act as plant pathogens and are also vectors that carry pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and fungi into healthy plant tissue.

Question 10

Binary fission

Answer 10

Reproduction by simple cell division, for example in bacteria.

Question 11

Chlorosis

Answer 11

The yellowing seen on leaves of plants when they cannot make chlorophyll due to a lack of magnesium ions.

Question 12

Culture medium

Answer 12

A liquid or gel used to support the growth of microogranisms or other cultures, often containing specific nutrients.

Question 13

Inoculate

Answer 13

Introducing microorganisms to a culture medium, or introducing modified microorganisms into an individual to protect them against disease.

Question 14

Mutation

Answer 14

A change in the genetic material of an organism.