B10 - Human Nervous System Flashcards
Central Nervous System (CNS)
The part of the nervous system where information is processed. It is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
Cerebral Cortex
Region on the brain associated with consciousness, memory, and language.
Cerebellum
Region of brain concerned with coordinating muscular activity and balance.
Ciliary Muscles
Muscles that contract and relax to change the shape of the lens of the eye.
Coordination Centres
Areas that eceive and process information from receptors.
Effectors
Areas (usually muscles or glands) that bring about responses in the body.
Homeostasis
The regulation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism to maintain optimum conditions for function, in response to internal and external changes.
Hyperopia
Long sightedness, where the rays of light from distant objects can be focused clearly on the retina but the rays of light from close objects are not focused and objects appear blurred.
Medulla
Region of the brain concerned woth unconcious activities such as controlling the heart rate and breathing rate.
Motor Neurones
Carry impulses from the central nervous system to the effector organs.
Myopia
Short sightedness, where the rays of light from close objects are brought into focus on the retina but distant objects appear blurred as the light is focused in front of the retina.
Nerve
Bundle of hundreds or even thousands of neurons.
Neurones
Basic cells of the nervous system that carry minute electrical impulses around the body.
Receptors
Cells that detect stimuli - changes in the internal or external environment.
Reflex Arcs
Bring about a reflex action. They involve the sense organ, sensory neurone, relay neurone and motor neurone.
