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GIR Test 4 > B5-080 Renal Infections > Flashcards

B5-080 Renal Infections Flashcards

1
Q
  • gradual onset of internal dysuria
  • sexually active patient with new partner
  • no hematuria
A

clamydia

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2
Q

UTI in men, pregnant women, and children is usually considered

A

complicated

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3
Q

causes 80% of UTIs

A

E. coli (UPEC)

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4
Q

2nd most common UTI in sexually active young women

A

Staph. sapro

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5
Q

causes renal and urinary stones

A

proteus mirabilis

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6
Q

UTI pathogen associated with catheterized patients

A

klebsiella pneumoniae

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7
Q

UTI pathogens associated with immunocompromised patients

2

A

enterobacter
enterococcus faecalis

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8
Q

cause renal stones, chronic prostatitis, and more common in catherized patients

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

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9
Q

gram negative bacilli, lactose fermentors

3

A

E coli
Klebsiella
Enterobacter

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10
Q

gram negative bacilli, lactose negative, glucose fermentor

1 that we talked about

A

proteus

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11
Q

gram negative bacilli, does not ferment glucose

1 that we talked about

A

pseudomonas

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12
Q

gram positive cocci
clusters
catalase +

A

staphylococcus

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13
Q

common culture contaminants

A
  • lactobacilli
  • a-hemolytic strep
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14
Q

nitrate production on dipstick indicates

A

gram negative bacteria

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15
Q

greater than 10 WBC/hpf

A

pyuria

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16
Q

greater than 100,000/hpf is diagnostic of

A

bacterial infection

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17
Q

treatment for uncomplicated UTI

A

nitrofuratoin or Bactrim

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18
Q

treatment of complicated UTI

A
  • 1-2 weeks of oral antibiotic and possibly..
  • IV initial dose of ceftriaxone, aminoglycoside or fluroquinolone
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19
Q

epididymitits, acute/chronic prostitis should be treated for […] weeks

A

3-12

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20
Q

why is designing a vaccine for UTI based on pilli very difficult?

A

pili undergo phase variation in response to environment

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21
Q

FimH binds to

A

uroplakins (glycoproteins)

adhesin and invasin

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22
Q

exfoliation of infected cells is largely triggered by

A

LPS

innate immune response

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23
Q
  • critical for clearance of bacteria
  • presence in urine is a hallmark of UTI
A

neutrophils

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24
Q

what populations should be treated for asymptomatic bacteriuria?

A
  • pregnant women
  • before GU procedure
  • renal transplant patients for first 6 months
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25
Q

prevention of EPEC UTI

A
  • hydration
  • voiding after SI
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26
Q

DOC for EPEC UTI

A
  • nitrofurantoin or bactrim
  • fosfomycin
27
Q

does cranberry juice help prevent UTIs?

A

no

28
Q

does D-mannose help prevent UTIs?

A

yes, some evidence preventing recurrent UTIs

novel treatment: D-mannose antagonists

29
Q

aerobactin conjugated to cationized BSA

A

siderophore vaccine

protect mice against EPEC, but no antibodies

novel vaccine treatment

30
Q

gram +
coagulase -
novobiocin resistant

A

S. sapro

31
Q

adhere to UT epithelium via hemagglutinin

A

S. sapro

32
Q

DOC S. sapro

A

bactrim, b lactams

33
Q

gram -
lactose -
urease +

A

proteus mirabilis

34
Q

“swarming motility” on agar

A

proteus mirabilis

plate looks kind of like a target

35
Q

treatment of proteus, enterobacter, pseudomonas, and enterococcus requires

A

antibiotic sensitivity testing

36
Q

gram -
lactose +
non- motile
prominent capsule

A

klebsiella pneumoniae

37
Q

forms large mucoid colonies

A

klebsiella pneumoniae

38
Q

gram -
motile
capsule
moist colonies

A

enterobacter

39
Q

DOC klebsiella

A

aminoglycoside + b lactam

40
Q

gram -
rod
oxidase +
non-fermenter
fruity odor
blue-green pigment

A

pseudomonas

41
Q

DOC for pseudomonas

A

piperacillin, ticarcillin

MDR: need sensitivity testing

42
Q

gram +
variable hemolysis
salt-tolerant (6.5% NaCl)

A

enterococcus faecalis

43
Q

due to displacement of normal vaginal flora

A

bacterial vaginosis

44
Q

fishy odor of discharge
whiff test
clue cells

A

BV

45
Q

DOC for BV

A

metronidazole

46
Q

free living spirochetes

A

leptospira

47
Q

rodents, dogs, and farm animals can carry […] asymptomatically in kidneys

A

leptospria

occupation exposures

48
Q

cause meningitis, hepatitis, nephritis, hemorrhage

damage of small vessels

A

leptospira

49
Q
  • cases spike in warmer months
  • can be spread through contaminated water
A

lepto

50
Q

gold standard for diagnosis of lepto

A

aggultination test

novel: IgM assay

51
Q

DOC leptospirosis

A

IV penicillin

doxy can be preventative

52
Q

causative pathogen of acute bacterial prostitis in >35 year olds

A

enterobacteriacea

less than 35: bacterial STDs

53
Q

what antibiotics should be avoided in the treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy?

A
  • fluoroquinolones
  • sulfa drugs in 3rd trimester
54
Q

most important treatment in CAUTI

A

remove catheter

55
Q

a urine sample that contains leukocytes and bacteria that are not cultivable using standard urinary tract culture media

A

sterile pyuria

56
Q

the presence of enzyme leukesterase indicates

A

pyuria

57
Q

presence of nitrates indicates

A

gram- bacteria

58
Q

is nitrofurantoin ok in pregnancy?

A

yes until 36 weeks

59
Q

are cultures diagnositic of BV?

A

no

Whiff test and clue cells

60
Q

what is used to diagnose BV?

A
  • Whiff test
  • clue cells
61
Q

urease positive bacteria that raise pH of urine

2

A
  • klebsiella
  • proteus
62
Q

supplemental D-mannose is thought to disrupt

A

adhesion via pili

63
Q

anti-LPS antibodies can be used to serotype

A

leptospira

64
Q

top two infectious agent in uncomplicated UTIs in sexually active young women

A

E coli
S sapro

GIR Test 4 (18 decks)

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