B5-039 Renal Pathology I Flashcards by Felicia Jones

Q

KW nodules

A

diabetic nephropathy

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Q

afferent and efferent arteriolar hyalinosis; interstitial fibrosis

A

diabetic nephropathy

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Q

glomerulosclerosis
arteriosclerosis
afferent arteriolar hyalinosis

A

chronic hypertensive nephropathy

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Q

what finding would you expect in accelerated hypertensive nephropathy?

A

thrombotic microangiopathy

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Q

most common cause of ERSD in US

A

diabetic nephropathy

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Q

non-enzymatic glycation of the tissue proteins causes mesangial expansion

A

diabetic nephropathy

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Q

LM: mesangial expansion, GBM thickening, KW lesions

A

diabetic nephropathy

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Q

systemic disorder with abnormal deposition of protein in various organs, including kidney

A

amyloidosis

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Q

[…] amyloidosis accounts for 75% of cases in US

A

AL

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Q

second most common amyloidosis
associated with chronic inflammatory disease

A

AA amyloidosis

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Q

serum amyloid associated protein

A

AA amyloidosis

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Q

Ig lambda light chain

A

AL amyloidosis

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Q

what type of amyloidosis is associated with familial mediterranean fever?

A

AA amyloidosis

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Q

waxy deposits confirmed by congo red stain

A

amyloidosis

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Q

most commonly involved organ in systemic amyloidosis

A

kidney

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Q

apple-green birefringence under polarized light due to amyloid deposition in mesangium

A

amyloidosis

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Q

accounts for 2/3 of all nephrotic syndrome in children

A

minimal change disease

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Q

responds well to steroids

A

minimal change disease

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Q

essentially normal by LM and IF
EM show foot process effacement

A

minimal change disease

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Q

4 Is of minimal change disease

A

infection
immunization
immune stimulus
idiopathic

triggers of MCD

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Q

LM: normal glomeruli (lipid may be seen in PT cells)
IF: normal
EM: effacement of podocyte foot processes

A

minimal change disease

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Q

one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults

A

focal segemental glomerulosclerosis

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Q

higher prevalence in AA

A

focal segemental glomerulosclerosis

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Q

can be associated with HIV, sickle cell, heroin use, obesity, INF treatment, congenital

A

focal segemental glomerulosclerosis

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Q

LM: segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis
IF: often negative but may be nonspecific for IgM, C3, C1
EM: effacement of foot processes similar to MCD

A

focal segemental glomerulosclerosis

Q

can be caused by HIV infection which is associated with glomerular collapse

A

focal segemental glomerulosclerosis

Q

70% are caused by auto-antibody to PLA2R on podocytes

A

membranous nephropathy

Q

M: F ratio in membranous nephropathy

A

2 M: 1 F

Q

thick GBM with spikes and vacuoles

A

membranous nephropathy

Q

IF shows lei capillary pattern with IgG and C3

A

membranous nephropathy

Q

LM: diffuse capillary and GBM thickening
IF: granular due to immune complex deposition
EM: “spike and dome” appearance of subepithelial deposits

A

membranous nephropathy

Q

secondary causes of membranous

A

drug
HBV, HCV, syphillis
malignancy (lung, colon)
SLE

Q

associated most commonly with E. coli infection

A

classic HUS

Q

associated with abnormal alternative complement activation due to either genetic or aquired dysregulation of the pathway

A

atypical HUS

Q

pathology of HUS

A

TMA

Q

associated with decreased ADAMTS13

A

TTP

Q

cleaves vWF

A

ADAMTS13

Q

results in ultra large multimers of vWF causing mechanical shearing of RBCs

A

TTP

Q

pathology of TTP

A

TMA

Q

nephrotic syndromes

5

A

minimal change disease
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
membranous nephropathy
amyloidosis
diabetic glomerulonephropathy

Q

A

“spikes and vacuoles”
membranous nephropathy

Q

what is this pattern of injury?

A

TMA

TTP, HUS, acute HTN nephropathy

Q

what is this pattern of injury?

A

TMA

TTP, HUS, acute HTN nephropathy

Q

what is this pattern of injury?

A

collapsing glomerulopathy

HIV associated nephropathy

Q

A

amyloidosis

Q

A

normal glomeruli

minimal change disease

Q

the presence of APOL1 G1, G2 alleles confers a 15x increase in risk for

A

FSGS

Q

A

FSGS

Q

mutation in TTR

A

amyloidosis

Q

mutations in COL4A5

A

Alport syndrome

Q

mutation in PKD1

A

polycystic kidney disease

Q

mutation in CFH

A

atypical HUS

Q

steroid resistant

A

FSGS

Q

A

KW nodule (nodular glomerulosclerosis)

diabetic nephropathy

Q

what treatment should be given?

A

steroids

minimal change disease

Q

A

membranous glomerulopathy

Q

what is expected on IF of membranous glomerulopathy?

A

IgG and C3, granular

Q

most common cause of membranous glomerulopathy

A

auto-antibody to PLA2R

Q

cancers associated with membranous

A

lung, colon

Q

A

thrombus in hilar arteriole
TMA

Q

this finding is associated with what?

A

infection: HIV, parvovirus, B19, covid

glomerular collapse