B4 Flashcards
What are enzymes?
Biological cataysts
proteins
shape is crucial for function
How dor enzymes work?
Enzymes break down or join molecules
enzymes find molecules that fit in their active site
They join or split these substrates in areaction
substrate released
What effects enzymes?
Ph and temperature
If the ph is too high or too low it can cause it can cause the enzymes to change shape
If it is too cold enzymes will move around slowing causing less reactions, but the temperature is too high, the enzymes will denature and loose their shape
Products of photsynthesis?
glucose
starch
Enzymes
chlorophyll
What is the formula for photosynthesis?
What are the parts of a plant cell?
Vacuole- membrane in the centre of the cell
Nucleus- holds DNA
Chloroplasts- holds chlorophyll and enzymes
Cell wall- cellulose forms it
Cell membrane- alls gases and water in and out of the cell
Cytoplasm- enzymes produced here
How is glucose stored in plants?
Stored as starch as it is insoluble
stored in leaf cells
How is energy used in plants?
Starch broken down into glucose whichg is converted ionto energy through respiration
Energy powers chemical reactions to make cellulose, starch, proteins
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is a process where liquids and gases move from from a concentrated state to adilute one
This occurs when molecules in the gas or liquids collide and in different directions until they are spread out
Eg. of diffusion
Tea brewing
carbon dioxide going into plants i n exchange for oxygen
What is osmosis?
osmosis is a type of diffusion that moves water in and out of cells through cell membranes. The Membrane is partially permeable and allows small molecules like water in but not large molecules like glucose
What is active transport?
The root hair cells have carrier molecules on their cell membranes. These pick up the mineral ions and move them across the membrane into the cell against theconcentration gradient. Remember that substances move down a concentration gradient in diffusion, so active transport is quite different. Active transport needs energy from respiration to happen
What factors limit the rate of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide
water
chlorophyll
sunlight
what is a measuring tool, used to find the number of plants in a certain area?
Quadrat
What is the formula for aerobic respiration?
