B2 Flashcards
What is an microoragnism?
Fungi
Virus
Bacteria
what is an anti-microbial and antibiotics?
An antimicrobial is acleaning agent that kills alltypes of bacteria
Antibiotics kill only bacteria
What are dangers of dangers?
Bacteria can develop resistance to antibiotics, making them ineffective
How can we reduce resistance?
We need to limit use of antibiotics
Complete the course of antibiotics
How does the immune system destroy microorganisms?
Firstly the type of disease usually has a perticular white blood cell to destroy , during the process of the white blood cell finding the bacteria, the subject may exhibit symptoms of the disease
The white blood cell sends antibodies which it produces to latch onto the bacteria’s antigens
The white blood cell then engulfs it, destroying it.
Then the white blood cell that we’er fighting die, the slowly die disease, but they leave memory cells which will produce the correct white blood cells quickly, if reinfected
How do microoganisms cause harm in our body?
They produce toxins and reproduce rapidly. Only viruses and bacteria do this
What is a vaccine and what is its function?
The injection is weakened strains of a disease, which once injected, stimulates white blood cells in the body to reproduce and kill the bacteria
They prevent epidemics if 95% of the population is injected
What is an open-label, blind or double blind trail?
Open-label- is where both the patient and doctor are aware of what is happening
Blind- is where the patient does not not know what they are receiving
Double blind- nether the patient or the doctor know what is happening
What is the heart?
It is part of the circulatory sytem, it is adouble pump with the left side supplying oxygenated blood from the lung to the rest of the body and the other side supplying the lungs with deoxgyenated blood
What are three types of blood vessels and what are their function?
Capillaries- they are the smallest blood vessel and are found at the end of artries. They have thin cell walls of one cell in thickness tyo allow nutrients through them
Arteries- have thick muscular walls to account for the extreme pressure the blood is under when it enters the vessel
Veins- these blood vessels have thinner walls than arteries and have valves to aid the blood when returning to the heart
What are heart attacks and heart disease caused by?
Heart attacks are caused by fatty deposits blocking the bloood supply to the heart
Heart disease is caused by genetic factors and lifestyle factors Eg. drinking, smoking etc.
how is your heart rate and blood pressure recorded?
Your heart rate is recorded by taking your pulse
Your blood pressure measures the pressure on your arteries when the heart is relaxed and when they are tensed, this is recorded as twoo valves that are compared to a normal range to determie their significance
Two facts aboout the nervous and hormonal systems?
They are automatic
They have receptors, processing centres and effectors
They change at state by using Negative Feedback
What does ADH’s cocentration effect the balance of water in the body?
Less ADH causes you to urinste more
More ADH causes you to urinate lass
