B3.2.1 - Hormones

Question 1

What are hormones?

Answer 1

Chemical messengers

Question 2

Where are hormones made?

Answer 2

Endocrine glands

Question 3

Where are hormones secreted into?

Answer 3

The blood

Question 4

How are hormones transported around the body?

Answer 4

They are carried around by the blood

Question 5

What do hormones do?

Answer 5

Cause a response in specific cells that are found in target organs.
Regulate the functions of many cells and organs.
Control body processes that need constant adjustment

Question 6

How quick are hormones?

Answer 6

Fairly slow and long lasting

Question 7

Give an example of an effect of long lasting hormones

Answer 7

Puberty

Question 8

What hormones are involved in puberty?

Answer 8

Testosterone and oestrogen

Question 9

Give an example of a quick hormonal response.

Answer 9

Adrenaline

Question 10

Name a body process that needs constant adjustment.

Answer 10

Body temperature

Question 11

What is homeostasis?

Answer 11

Keeping the conditions in your body constant

Question 12

What responds to hormones?

Answer 12

Target organs

Question 13

Describe the interaction between hormones and target cells.

Answer 13

Hormones diffuse out of the bloodstream and bind to specific receptors for that hormones, found on the membranes and cytoplasms of target cells

Question 14

Where are target cells located?

Answer 14

In target organs

Question 15

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 15

The endocrine glands and all their produced hormones

Question 16

What other system does the endocrine system control the body with?

Answer 16

The nervous system

Question 17

Compare the nervous system and the endocrine system.

Answer 17

Both send messages around the body about changes in the external and internal environment and the body’s response

Nerves - Faster, Precise, Short duration of acting

Hormones - Slower, Larger area, Longer acting

Question 18

What does the thyroid gland produce?

Answer 18

Thyroxine

Question 19

What do the adrenal glands produce?

Answer 19

Adrenaline

Question 20

What does the pancreas produce?

Answer 20

Insulin

Question 21

What does the testes produce?

Answer 21

Testosterone

Question 22

What do the ovaries produce?

Answer 22

Oestrogen and Progesterone

Question 23

What do the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus produce?

Answer 23

Hormones that regulate the production of other hormones.