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Biology for Skint People > B1.1.1 - Plant And Animal Cells > Flashcards

B1.1.1 - Plant And Animal Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the structures inside a cell called?

A

Subcellular structures

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2
Q

What are the 2 main types of cells called?

A

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic

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3
Q

Which is bigger - eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

A

Eukaryotic

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4
Q

Where do eukaryotic cells keep their genetic material?

A

Nucleus

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5
Q

Where is the genetic material in a prokaryotic cell?

A

Cytoplasm

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6
Q

What is the size range for eukaryotic cells?

A

10 micro meters - 100 micro meters

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7
Q

What is the size range for prokaryotic cells?

A

1 micro meter - 10 micro meters

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8
Q

What are the functions of the nucleus?

A
  • controls the activities of the cell
  • contain the organism’s genetic material
  • contain instructions to make new cells or organisms
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9
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell’s genetic material organised as?

A

Chromosomes

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10
Q

What determines a cell’s appearance and functions

A

Chromosomes

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11
Q

What is the cytoplasm?

A

A ‘jelly-like’ substance where chemical reactions occur to keep the cell alive

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12
Q

Name the features and functions of mitochondrion

A
  • where respiration occurs
  • where special protein molecules (enzymes) enable glucose and oxygen to react together
  • this transfers vital energy to the organism
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13
Q

What allows oxygen and glucose to react together?

A

Special protein molecules (enzymes)

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14
Q

What 2 reactants create very important energy for its organism?

A

Glucose and oxygen

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15
Q

What is the cell membrane?

A
  • A selective barrier that controls which substances pass into and out of the cell
  • it contains receptor molecules
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16
Q

What are receptor molecules?

A

These send a signal to nerve cells when stimulated

17
Q

What extra sub cellular structures do plant cells need?

A
  • A cell wall
  • chloroplasts
  • vacuole
18
Q

What do chloroplasts contain?

A

Chlorophyll

19
Q

What does chlorophyll do?

A

Transfer energy from the Sun to the plant as light (used in photosynthesis)

20
Q

What parts of the plant are chloroplasts in?

A

Only the green parts

Leaves

21
Q

What is a cell wall?

A
  • surrounds the cell
  • supports the cell
  • makes the plant rigid and stable
22
Q

What is a cell wall in plant cells made of?

A

A tough fibre called cellulose

23
Q

What does the vacuole do?

A
  • Helps the cell stay rigid
  • supporting the plant
  • keeping it upright
24
Q

What is the vacuole filled with?

A

A watery solution of sugars and salts

25
Q

Why do root cells not need chloroplasts?

A

They do not need access to the sun and can get nutrients from the soil surrounding it

26
Q

Are algae eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

A

Eukaryotic

Biology for Skint People (43 decks)

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