B3 Variety of Living Organisms T5 Flashcards
Define eukaryotes
organisms that have a nucleus and organelles that are found within a plasma
membrane
prokaryotic
cell without a nucleus or membrane bound organells e.g. mitochondria
Are prokaryotes bigger than eukaryote cells?
NO
smaller
define pathogens
microorganism that causes disease
Define autotrophs
makes own food - has clorophyll and can photosynthesise
Define saprotrophs
secretes enzymes (extracellular)
absorbs products
Define heterotrophic
feeding
Which of these are saprotrophs, autotrophs or heterotrophs?
animals
plants
fungi
protoctists
bacteria
virus
saprotrophs: all fungi, some bacteria
autotrophs: all plants, some protoctists, some bacteria
heterotrophs: all animals, some protoctists, some bacteria
Whcih of these are living or non-living?
animals
plants
fungi
protoctists
bacteria
virus
If they are living, they do MRS C GREN
living:
animals
plants
fungi
protoctists
bacteria
non-living:
virus
Which of these are eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
animals
plants
fungi
protoctists
bacteria
virus
eukaryotic: plants, animals, fungi, protoctists
prokaryotic: bacteria
virus is neither
Describe bacteria
prokaryotic
very small (0.2 - 2 um)
LIVING - do MRS C GREN
e.g. lactobacillus bulgaricus - produces yoghurt
pathogen - pneumococcus - pneumonia - killed by antibiotics
Are bacteria autotrophs or saprotrophs?
some are autotrophs - make own food
most are saprotrophs
example of bacteria and disease caused
pneumococcus -> pneumonia
conversion of
cm -> mm-> um -> nm
cm x10 mm x1000 um x1000 nm
Describe virus
prokaryotic
smaller than bacteria (0.1um)
needs a host cell to replicate (not living - don’t do MRS C GREN, so referred to as particle, NOT cell)
don’t have a cellular structure - no cytoplasm/ membrane
structure -> protein coat + strand of genes instead of nucleus (nucleic acid - either DNA or RNA)
Example of virus and disease caused
2 in animals, 1 in plants
HIV -> AIDS
influenza -> flu
tobacco mosaic virus -> prevents chloroplasts from growing (discoloured leaves of tobacco plants)
Can viruses be treated with antibiotics?
no
Describe unicellular fungi
eukaryotic
Describe multicellular fungi
prokaryotic
multicellular made up hyphae (cells fused together to form hyphae)
Examples of unicellular and multicellular fungi
unicellular = yeast
