B3 - Organisation and Digestion System Flashcards
what is digestion
- large molecues are broken down into smalller molecues
- so they can be absorbed
- into the body
what organs are in the digestive system
- mouth
- stomach
- large intestine
- salivary gland
- pancreas
- anus
- liver
- rectum
- small intestine
- oesphagus
what is the function of the mouth in the digestive system
moistens food so it moves more easily through your esophagus into your stomach
what is the function of the stomach in the digestive system
holds the food and mixes it with acid and enzymes that continue to break the food down into a liquid or paste.
what is the function of the large intestine in the digestive system
absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and get rid of any waste products left over.
what is the function of the salviary gland in the digestive system
makes saliva
what is the function of the pancreas in the digestive system
creates enzymes which break down sugars, fats and starches
what is the function of the anus in the digestive system
the opening at the end of the digestive tract where feces are eliminates from the body
what is the function of the liver in the digestive system
Produces bile and secretes it to the gall bladder for storage.
what is the function of the rectum in the digestive system
the lower part of the large intestine where feces are stored
what is the function of the small intestine in the digestive system
The small intestine is the region where digested food is absorbed
what is the function is eosphagus in the digestive system
Muscular tube which moves ingested food to the stomach.
put organella, organ system, tisue, organ, organism and cell in order from smallest to biggest
cell, organelle, tissue, organ, system and organism
what is a tissue
a group of cells of the same type that work together to preform a function
what are three types of tissues
- Muscular tissues which contract
- Glandular tissue which secretes substances
- Epithelial tissue which lines the inside and outside of organs for protection
what is an organ
a group of different tissues that work together to preform a function
how is the stomach adapted for its function
- glandular tissue to release stomach acid and enzymes
- muscular tissue to contract and churn food
what are five organ systems you can name
- digestive system
- reproductive system
- circulartory system
- nervous system
- muscular system
what is the lock and key method
- The complementary substrate fits into the active site of the enzyme
- Only a specific shape substrate can fit
- An enzyme substrate complex is formed
- The enzyme breaks down the substrate to smaller pieces
- The products are released
- The enzyme can be reused
what are the seven food groups which are essential for a balanced human diet
- carbohydrates
- protein
- water
- vitamins
- minerals
- fats
- fibre
Why are complex carbs better for a marathon and simple sugars better for a sprint?
- Complex carbs contain multiple sugar units
- Takes longer for enzymes (amylase) to break down
- Therefore longer to absorb into blood
- Energy is released through respiration an a more controlled way and for longer
- Simple carbs contain one sugar unit
- Short time to absorb
- Energy released by respiration very fast but for short time
food tests: when testing iodine solution what colour does the sample turn when starch is pressent
not pressent: orange/brown
pressent: blue/black
food tests: when testing Benedics tests what colour does the sample turn when glucose is pressent
not pressent: blue/green/yellow
pressent: red
food tests: when testing Biuret test what colour does the sample turn when proteins is pressent
not pressent: light blue
pressent: purple
food tests: when testing ethanol what colour does the sample turn when lipids are pressent
not pressent: clear
pressent: milky white
what are enzymes and what do they do
they are proteins that speed up metabolism or the chemical reactions in our body
