B3 - Issues Relating To Tranmission Of Data Flashcards
What are the 4 different types of data transmission protocols?
Email
VOIP
Web Pages
Secure Payment Systems
What are the 3 Email protocols?
SMTP - Single Mail Transfer Protocol
POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3
IMAP - Internet Message Access protocol
What are the 3 VOIP protocols
SIP - Session Initiation Protocol
RTP - Real-time Transport Protocol
RTCP - RTP control protocol
What are the 3 types of web page protocols?
HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol
HTTPS -HypeText Transfer Protocol Secure
FTP - File transfer protocol
What are the 2 types of secure payment system protocols?
SET - Secure Electronic Transaction
3D secure
What is the job of SMTP? (Email)
- To transmit data from your email client to outgoing mail server
- to transmit data between two outgoing mail server to recipient mail servers and reestablishes connection with outgoing mail server
What is the job of POP 3? (EMAIL)
- To download emails from your mail server to email client then removed from mail server to email client then removed from mail server
- can’t access emails on multiple devices
What is the job of IMAP? (EMAIL)
- receiving emails from mail server. They are synced between the client and server
- can access same emails and gets updates on multiple devices.
What is the job of SIP (VOIP)
- connection between server and receiver and establish location (IP address) of people in the conversation and to agree on CODECs
- SIP packet sent from person starting VOIP call to recipient so that when the data packet is received, the phone rings
What is the job of RTP? (VOIP)
- works with SIP, to transmit data packets along the connection
- takes no responsibility for receiving lost packets
What is the job of RCTP? (VOIP)
- sends control packets that provide feedback on quality of data delivery
- info (E.G: bytes sent, packet courts, round trip times ( may and CODEC to boost performance)
What is the job of HTTP? (WP)
- connection between client and server then transfers web pages to client so they can be presented by browser.
- when you type a URL into the browser, a HTTP message is created that requests for a file from the web server, the server sends HTTP response message containing the files requested.
What is the job of HTTPS (WP)
- transmits data in encrypted format using TSL/USL
what is the job of FTP? (WP)
For transferring files over the internet (E.G: uploading web pages to a web server so it can be accessed by users browsing the web)
What is the job of SET? (SPS)
- communication protocol when purchase process is started only purchase the order and it is sent to the website , card details go to merchant bank. Payment is authorized with purchasers bank. Authorization is retuned to the computer website
What is the job of 3D Secure? (SPS)
- XML protocol, uses SSL encryption to ensure data is secure
- merchant website will check of card is on 3D secure. If so, the buyer will be directed to a 3D Secure page for their own bank to authenticate the buyer (natwest verification at the end of buying something)
What are the two connections of web page protocols?
- Control connection = to administrate the connection and send commands
- Data connection = to transfer files between the client computer and the server
What are the two security issues of data transmission?
Sniffing and spoofing
What is sniffing?
- to gain unauthorized access to data
- packet sniffer : instructs your computer to inspect all data transmitted over a network (pw, credit card details)
- Public Wifi and Bluetooth vulnerable (harder if it’s wired)
What is spoofing?
- when you get your computer to pretend to be another computer
- using fake credentials and preventing them to the network to access to services meant for another device (confidential data)
- spoofing to perform denial of service attack by spoofing IP address
What are the two security prevention methods?
Firewalls and encryption
What is a firewall?
- hardware/software firewalls to monitor traffic and block anything that appears to be dangerous/fake
- block access to certain websites, prevent certain data being sent out of business .
- prevent external computer accessing internal computer, closing certain ports to prevent network traffic going through them (built into router - uses rules to filter traffic and prevent anything unwanted
- hardware firewall can prevent a Denial Of Service attack
What is Encryption?
- Prevents unauthorized here from reading intercepted data
- SSL- encrypts the data to secure it so it can’t be accessed by anyone without encryption key
- it relies on SSL/ digital certificates to authenticate a user and allows them to use public key infrastructure
What is bandwidth ,latency and ping?
Bandwidth - amount of data that can be transferred from one computer to another in a given time (bits per second) (the higher bandwidth the better)
Latency - time taken for a data packet to transfer over a network (Ms) (the lower latency the better)
ping - time taken for a data packet to travel over a network to destination and back to you
What is compression and the two types of compression?
The downsizing of a file so less bandwidth is needed to share
Lossy and lossless
What is lossy compression?
Permanently deletes certain bits of data and it can’t be decompressed
What is lossless compression?
Uses algorithms to pack data into a smaller space
Advantages of lossy compression?
Has a smaller file size than lossless so the upload and download times are quicker
Disadvantages of lossy compression?
- Worse quality and can’t be restored to original quality (printing/assessment - quality is important)
- Video compression uses CODEC which person receiving may not have installed ( can’t watch it )
- Sometimes files can’t be compressed further so compressing = larger file size
Advantages of lossless compression
Can be decompressed to original (can share)
Disadvantages of lossless compression?
- Compressed files can be incorrectly identified as malware by antivirus software and block it
- file archive compression formats only work with specific archive software (recipient software must be compatible)
- decompressing = higher processing time
- may increase file size if it can’t be compressed more.
What is a feature of CODECs and the two types of CODECS?
Because there’s so many, you must have the same CODEC the data is coded with to decode it.
The two types are software and hardware CODECs
What is the job of hardware CODECs?
- to encode analogue data ( computer can’t store/ use ) into digital and vice versa.
EG: microphone VOIP transmits voice so it can be heard on computer
What is the job of software CODECs
For audio and video data to compress so it can be transmitted over network to send data quickly (VOIP for real time convo)
Lowers buffering
