B3 definitions

Question 1

cells

Answer 1

basic building blocks

Question 2

tissues

Answer 2

groups of cells that have similar stuctures and functions

Question 3

organs

Answer 3

groups of tissues working together to perform a specific function

Question 4

organ systems

Answer 4

groups of organs working together

Question 5

organisms

Answer 5

organ systems work together forming an organism

Question 6

mouth

Answer 6

where we chew our food, increased sa for enzyme action

Question 7

salivary glands

Answer 7

make saliva containing the enzyme amylase

Question 8

oesophagus

Answer 8

carries food to the stomach

Question 9

stomach

Answer 9

• churns food
• releases protease which digests proteins
• releases hydrochloric acid killing pathogens

Question 10

liver

Answer 10

makes bile which breaks down fats in the small intestine

Question 11

gall bladder

Answer 11

stores bile which is alkaline to neutralise hydrochloric acid from the stomach, and emulsifies fat into small droplets e.g. glycerol, with a large surface area

Question 12

pancreas

Answer 12

makes enzymes, amylase protease and lipase

Question 13

small intestine

Answer 13

where digested food is absorbed into the blood

Question 14

large intestine

Answer 14

where water and minerals are absorbed into the blood

Question 15

rectum

Answer 15

stores faeces

Question 16

anus

Answer 16

expels faeces

Question 17

active site

Answer 17

where the reaction occurs

Question 18

amylase

Answer 18

turns starch to glucose, made in salivary glands pancreas and small intestine

Question 19

catalyse

Answer 19

to speed up a reaction

Question 20

denatured

Answer 20

at extreme ph or very high temp the active site of an enzyme can change, the substrate can no longer bind to the active site, so the enzyme cannot catalyse the reaction

Question 20

denatured

Answer 20

at extreme ph or very high temp the active site of an enzyme can change, the substrate can no longer bind to the active site, so the enzyme cannot catalyse the reaction

Question 21

enzyme

Answer 21

a protein made of amino acids that acts as a biological catalyst to speed up reactions without getting used up itself

Question 22

lipase

Answer 22

turns lipids into fatty acids and glycerol, made in pancreas and small intestine

Question 23

optimum

Answer 23

optimum ph is where the ph is most suitable

Question 24

protease

Answer 24

proteins into amino acids, made in stomach pancreas and small instestine

Question 25

substrate

Answer 25

the substance on which an enzyme acts