B2.2.3 Heart And Blood Flashcards
What muscle is the heart made out of
Cardiac muscle
Two smaller chambers at top
Atria
Two larger chambers at bottom
Ventricles
Why is cardiac muscle unusual?
They contract without receiving a nerve impulse from your brain
Describe movement of blood
Vena cava brings deoxygenated blood enters right atrium
Pumped into right ventricle when heart beats
Pumped into lungs through pulmonary artery to become oxygenated
Blood returns to heart via pulmonary vein into left atrium
Then pumped into left ventricle. This must be very thick to pump blood at high pressure through aorta
What is the tricuspid valve
Atrioventricular valve that prevents the deoxygenated blood from flowing back into the right atrium.
What is the bicuspid/mitral valve
Atrioventricular valve that prevents the oxygenated blood from flowing back into the left atrium.
What does the vena cava do
brings deoxygenated blood to the heart from the body
what does the pulmonary artery do?
takes deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
what does the pulmonary vein do?
brings oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs
What does the aorta do?
carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body
What do pulmonic and aortic valves do
Semi lunar valves that prevent back flow of blood from arteries into ventricles
Examples of materials that are transported by dissolving in plasma
-Digested food (such as amino acids and glucose),
-Waste (such as carbon dioxide)
-hormones, and antibodies.
-Excess water is taken from the large intestine to the kidneys where it is removed.
What are semi lunar valves
The valves of the o pulmonary artery and aorta
Why is the wall of the right ventricle thinner than that of the left ventricle
The right ventricle pumps blood only to the lungs, which are close by, whereas the left ventricle has a thicker muscle wall as it has to pump blood all around the body
