B2.2.2 - Circulatory System

Question 1

What is your circulatory system made up of?

Answer 1

Your heart and blood vessels

Question 2

What is it known as if blood remains with the heart and blood vessels?

Answer 2

The closed system

Question 3

What is blood good for?

Answer 3

Transporting substances around your body that need them

Carrying away waste products

Question 4

Give an example of a good substance blood carries around

Answer 4

Oxygen

Glucose

Question 5

Give an example of a waste product blood gets rid of.

Answer 5

Carbon dioxide

Question 6

How many times does blood flow through the heart during each circuit of the body?

Answer 6

Twice

Question 7

Why is it called the double circulatory system?

Answer 7

The blood flows through the heart twice every circuit

Question 8

What colour would you draw oxygenated blood?

Answer 8

Red

Question 9

What colour would you draw deoxygenated blood?

Answer 9

Blue

Question 10

Explain the process of the circulatory system.

Answer 10

Your heart pumps look out to your organs and tissues. The oxygen and glucose in the blood diffuses into them, as the carbon dioxide diffuses out. The blood travels back to the heart, which pumps it to the lungs. In the lungs the carbon dioxide diffuse out of the body while new oxygen diffuses in. Cycle repeat.

Question 11

What are the 3 main types of blood vessels?

Answer 11

Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

Question 12

What do blood vessels do?

Answer 12

They are tubelike structures through which blood flows through

Question 13

What specific job does arteries do?

Answer 13

Carry blood away from the heart under high pressure

Question 14

What specific jobs do veins have?

Answer 14

Return blood to the heart, and stop blood from flowing the wrong way

Question 15

What feature do veins have that prevents blood from flowing the wrong way?

Answer 15

Valves

Question 16

What specific job does capillaries have?

Answer 16

Link arteries and veins in tissues and organs. They form a network so every cell is close to a capillary.

Question 17

Describe the walls of a capillary.

Answer 17

They are semipermeable, and they are only one cell thick, meaning that substances can easily go through them.

Question 18

Describe the job of the artery.

Answer 18

The strong contractions of the heart cause the blood to be at very high pressure. To withstand the high pressure waves are created when the heart beats the arterial wall, which is thick and muscular. The wall expands after each wave and then snaps back (recoil) to push the blood forward.

Question 19

Why are thick vessel walls not required in veins and capillaries?

Answer 19

The blood pressure through capillaries and veins are very low

Question 20

Why is the double circulatory system beneficial?

Answer 20

As the heart pumps twice, it leaves the blood at a high pressure, as there isn’t as far to travel. This means the materials needed in the body are transported around quicker.

Question 21

Describe the structure of a capillary.

Answer 21

Tube shape
Very small lumen
Single cell layer wall

Question 22

Describe the structure of a vein

Answer 22

Fairly thin outer wall
Thin layer of muscle and elastic outer fibre
Smooth lining
Large lumen

Question 23

Describe the structure of an artery.

Answer 23

Thick outer wall
Thick layer of muscle and elastic fibres
Small lumen
Smooth lining