B2: Organisation (triple)

Question 1

What enzyme breaks down starch?

Answer 1

Amylase.

Question 2

Where is amylase made in the human body?

Answer 2

Salivary glands
Pancreas
Small intestines

Question 3

What enzyme is used to break down proteins?

Answer 3

Protease.

Question 4

Where is protease made in the human body?

Answer 4

Stomach
Pancreas
Small intestines

Question 5

What enzyme is used to break down lipids?

Answer 5

Lipase.

Question 6

Where are lipases made in the human body?

Answer 6

Pancreas

Small intestines

Question 7

What is the function of the liver in digestion?

Answer 7

To produce bile.

Question 8

What is the purpose of the gall bladder?

Answer 8

Store bile and release it into the small intestines.

Question 9

What is the purpose of the pancreas in digestion?

Answer 9

To produce protease, amylase and lipase enzymes. It also releases them into the small intestines.

Question 10

What is the food test for sugars?

Answer 10

Benedict’s solution. Changes for the normal blue to green, orange or red depending on the sugar content.

Question 11

What is the food test for starch?

Answer 11

Iodine solution. Changes from normal orange to black or dark blue.

Question 12

What is the food test for protein?

Answer 12

Biuret solution. Changes for normal blue to pink or purple.

Question 13

What is the food test for lipids?

Answer 13

Sudan III solution. Lipids separate and are stained bright red.

Question 14

What are the main structures in the lungs?

Answer 14

Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchiole
Alveoli 
Diaphragm

Question 15

Describe the flow of blood in the around the heart, starting with the vena cava.

Answer 15

1. Vena cava
2. Right atrium
3. Right ventricle
4. Pulmonary artery
5. Pulmonary vein
6. Left atrium
7. Left ventricle
8. Aorta

Question 16

Describe arteries.

Answer 16

High pressure
Thick layer of muscle
Strong elastic fibres so they can stretch and spring back

Question 17

Describe capillaries.

Answer 17

One cell thick (thin)
Small
Permeable walls

Question 18

Describe veins.

Answer 18

Low pressure
Thinner walls
Valves to keep blood going in the right direction

Question 19

What are the 5 ways to deal with cardiovascular disease?

Answer 19

Stents
Statins
Replacement Artificial heart
Replacement biological or mechanical valves
Artificial blood (emergency)

Question 20

What factors can effect your health?

Answer 20

Diet
Stress
Life situation

Question 21

What are the 9 structures/tissues of the leaf?

Answer 21

Waxy cuticle 
Epidermal tissue
Palisade mesophyll tissue
Xylem 
Phloem
Spongy mesophyll tissue
Epidermal tissue
Guard cells 
Stomata

Question 22

What is the transpiration stream in plants?

Answer 22

The movement of water from the roots, through the xylem and out of the leaves.

Question 23

What factors effect rate of transpiration?

Answer 23

Light intensity: brighter light increases rate. Stomata close in dark to reduce water loss.
Temperature: warmer temp increases rate as water evaporates faster.
Air flow: surrounding water vapour gets blown away so more can diffuse out.
Humidity: drier air increases rate because there is a greater concentration gradient.

Question 24

How are guard cells adapted?

Answer 24

When the cells are wet they become turgid, opening for gas exchange.
When the cells are dry the become flaccid, closing to prevent further water loss.
Thin outer wall and think inner wall.
Sensitive to light, closing at night to save water loss when there is no light for photosynthesis.