B2: Digestive System Review Flashcards
What is the digestive system?
-Group of organs that work together to ingest and break down food and absorb nutrients
Describe physical and chemical breakdown
-Physical involves chewing, churning (stomach) and segmenting (intestines)
-chemical: hydrolysis
What is the role of the mouth?
-Chews and mixes food with saliva
What is the role of the liver?
-Manufactures bile, a substance that facilitates the digestion of fats
What is the role of the gall bladder?
-Stores and concentrates bile which is made from the liver
-releases bile into the small intestine to help digest and absorb fats
What is the role of the large intestine?
-Absorbs water and salt, passes remaining undigested material and some water out of the body
What is the role of the rectum?
-Stores waste prior to elimination
What is the role of esophagus?
-Directs food from the mouth to the stomach
What is the role of the stomach?
-Adds acid, enzyme and fluid: churns, mixes and grinds food into a liquid mass
What is the role of the pancreas?
Manufactures enzymes to digest macromolecules, secretes bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid that enters the small intestine
What is the role of the small intestine?
-Secrets enzymes that digest macromolecules, absorbs hydrolyzed molecules into bloodstream
What is the role of the salivary glands?
-Produces saliva
-contains enzymes that help begin digestion by breaking down carbohydrates
What is the role of the anus?
-Holds rectum closed, opens to allow elimination
What is pepsin?
-Protien digesting enzyme
What is the epiglottis?
-Flap of tissue that covers the trachea
-ensures food won’t enter the trachea