B2 Cell Organisation (page 24) Flashcards
Some organisms contain loads of cells, but how do all these cells end up making a human or squirrel…etc?
The answer is organisation. (without it, they’d just make a meaty splodge).
Large Multicellular Organisms are made up of what?
Organ Systems.
Cells are the basic building blocks that make up what?
all living organisms.
What are specialised cells? (covered this on page 14)
specialised cells carry out a particular function.
What is the process called, by which cells become specialised for a particular job?
differentiation.
When do Differentiantion occur?
it occurs during the development of a multicellular organism.
What do specialised cells form?
they form tissues, which form organs, which form organ systems.
Large multicellular organism (e.g. squirrels) have different systems inside them, what are they for?
for exchanging and transporting materials.
What is ‘Tissue’?
Tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function.
Can Tissue include more than one type of cell?
yes
What is Muscular Tissue (in mammals, like humans)?
Muscular tissue contracts (shortens) to move whatever it’s attached to.
What is ‘Glandular tissue’ (in mammals like humans)?
Glandular tissue, makes and secretes chemicals like enzymes and hormones.
Where is ‘Epithelial Tissue’ (in mammals, like humans?
Epithelial tissue covers some parts of the body, e.g. the inside of the gut.
please look at page 24 diagram.
finish the sentence;
Similar Cells are organised into…..
Tissues.
finish the sentence;
Tissues are Organised into…….
Organs
What is an ‘Organ’?
an organ is a group of different tissues that work together to perform a certain function.
The Stomach an organ made of tissues, name the tissues?
1) Muscular tissue - which moves the stomach wall to churn up the food.
2) Glandular tissue - which makes digestive juices to digest food.
3) Epithelial tissue - which covers the outside and inside of the stomach.
Organs are organised into what?
Organ systems
What is an ‘Organ System’?
its a group of organs working together to perform a particular function.
The digestive system (found in humans and other mammals breaks down and absorbs food, what organs make this up?
1) Glands (e.g. the pancreas and salivary glands). which produce digestive juices.
2) The stomach and small intestine , which digest food.
3) The liver, which produces bile.
4) The small intestine, which absorbs soluble food molecules.
5) The large intestine, which absorbs water from undigested food leaving feaces (poop/waste)
Organ systems work together to make what?
entire organisms.
Please look at the organs on page 24, you need to know where these organs are on a diagram) - see pg 28 too.
An organism consists of what?
organ systems, which are groups of organs, which are made of tissues, which are groups of cells working together.
The bladder is an organ. Explain what this means (2 marks)?
That it is made up of different tissues (1 mark), that work together to perform a particular function (1 mark).
