B2 Flashcards
What is “translocation”
translocation is the movement throughout (leaves) one part to other parts of the plant
why are root hair cells adapted
hair root cells are adapted for efficient uptake of water by osmosis
what does a phloem tissue do
phloem tissue dissolves sugar from the leaves to the rest of the plant for immediate use or storage
What is meant by “transpiration”
Transpiration is the loss of water by evaporation
what does a plant tissue include?
plant tissue includes
- epidermal tissue
- paliside mesophyll
- spongy mesophyll
- xylem
- phloem
- maristem
what does phloem do?
Phloem transports dissolved sugars around the plant
what does a xylem do?
the xylem transports water and mineral around the planet
what does a spongy mesophyll do?
A spongy mesophyll is the gap needed for gases to pass through
what does a palisade mesophyll do?
A palisade mesophyll is where most photosynthesis takes place
what does epidermal tissues do?
An epidermal tissue protects the cells underneath
what does HIV lead to?
HIV leads to weakened immune system
what does the immune system react to and what can it lead to?
Immune system reacts to pathogens and can lead to allergies such as asthma
Risk factors for most people that are linked to an increase of a disease
risk factors of a disease
- a person’s lifestyle
- substance in the person’s body/ environment
Risk Factors for SOME people that might lead to an increase of disease
SOME risk factors for SOME people
- diet (smoking/ exercise)
- obesity ( lead to type 2 diabetes)
- alcohol (function of the brain and the liver)
- smoking ( lead to lung disease and lung cancer)
- smoking and drinking has an effect on unborn babies
def of correlation
correlation is when there is a link between 2 things
def of causation
causation is when there is scientific evidence when there is a link between 2 things.
what is coronary heart disease?
when fatty materials build up inside the coronary arteries and reduces the flow of blood and lack of oxygen.
what are stents
stents are inserted to open the arteries
advantage and disadvantage of drugs (statins) for cardiovascular disease
Drugs ( statins)
ads- no surgery
dis- slows the rate of build up but doesn’t help build up if its already present
advantage and disadvantage of stents for cardiovascular disease
stents
ads- only requires local anaesthetics
dis- some dangers with surgery, can cause a heart attack
advantage and disadvantage of mechanical device ( artificial heart) for cardiovascular disease
mechanical device ( artificial heart) ad- allows patients to survive while waiting for their donor heart dis- not a permanent solution
advantage and disadvantage of heart transplant for cardiovascular disease
heart transplant
ad- can last for many years
dis- could reject the heard
The- heart is an organ that pumps blood around the body in a ____________ system
double circulatory
what does the right ventricle do?
The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs where gas exchange takes place
( b- lungs)
WHat does the Left ventricle do?
left ventricle pumps blood to the rest of the body
what is the coronary artery
The coronary artery supplies blood to the muscles of the heart
( b- heart)
what is the pulmonary artery and vein
the pulmonary artery and vein takes blood from the heart to the lungs
b from h to lungs
what does the aorta do? and the vena cava
The aorta delivers blood from the heart to the rest of te body
the vena cava returns blood from the rest of the body to the heart
what are the 3 blood vessels that the body contains?
the 3 blood vessels in the body are
- arteries
- veins
- capillaries
what does the arteries do?
The arteries carry blood away from the heart
What does the veins do?
The veins contains valve which prevents the blood from flowing backwards
What do the capillaries do?
The capillaries have thin walls so it allows blood to flow thru them
What do blood contain?
blood is a tissue containing plasma
what do red blood cells carry
red blood cells carry oxygen and they have no nucleus so they are able to maximise their space
what are platelets?
platelets helps your blood to clot in a wound
What is a plasma
Plasma is the liquid that carries everything in the blood
what are enzymes made up of?
enzymes are made up of protein
what are the aims of enzymes
Enzymes speed up the reactions without being used up
Carbohydrase what are the molecules broken down? where are the enzymes produced? where the enzyme reacts ? what molecules are formed?
Carbohydrase: Carbohydrate is broken down (starch) they are produced in the pancreas enzymes reacts in the small intestines to produce carbohydrate reacts in the mouth/ small intestine the molecule that is formed is glucose
what is the opening and the closing of a stomata?
opening and he closing of a stomata is a guard cell
why does the temperature of the cause in increase in transpiration
If there is an increase in temperature it means there is more energy so its able to diffuse and evaporate out the stomata cause an increase in transpiration
what is a group of organs working together called?
organs in a group working together is called the organ system
what molecule is broken into amino acid?
proteins are broken into the amino acids
what type of food molecule can be identified using the benedict’s test?
sugars can be tested using the benedict’s test
what is iodine use to test
iodine is used to test starch
what is the role of stomata and guard cells?
to role of stomata and guard cells is to control the gas exchange
what are the products of lipids
products of lipids are glycerol and fatty acid
what side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
The right hand side pumps deoxygenated blood
True or false:
communicable disease can spread between people or animals
True, communicable disease are contagious (non communicable disease are not)
what is meant by carcinogen?
carcinogen is something that causes cancer
name 2 organs that are affected my drinking alcohol
the liver an brain is affected by drinking
What is a tumour?
Tumour is the uncontrollable growth of a cell
What does the mouth do?
the food enters the mouth and mixes with saliva which contains enzyme and the teeth breaks down the food
