B2 Flashcards
What is classification?
Where biologist put living things into groups, making them easier to study
Living things are grouped together if….
they share lots of similar characteristics
What are kingdoms?
Kingdoms are the five major groups living things are placed into
Give five characteristics of plants
Made of many calls Cells walls made of cellulose Cells contain chloroplasts Light used to make food by photosynthesis Grow in a spreading manner
Give five characteristics of animals
Made of many cells No chloroplasts Unable to make food so feed on other organisms Compact body shape Most are capable of moving around
Give three characteristics of fungi
Cell walls are produced of chitin
They reproduce by forming spores
Do not photosynthesise
Give one characteristic of protoctista
Mostly single-celled (except for large algae)
Give one characteristic for prokaryotes
No nucleus
What are some examples of plants
Flowers, mosses grasses
Give some examples of animals
Fish, insects, humans
Give some examples of fungi
Mushrooms, toadstools, yeast
Give some examples of protoctista
Amoeba, algae
Give an example of prokaryotes
Bacteria
What are vertebrates?
Animals with a backbone
What are the five kingdoms?
Animals, plants, fungi, protoctista, prokaryotes
What is the largest animal phyla? How much of animal species do they represent?
Arthropods. They represent 75% of animal species
What are the 4 classes of arthropods?
Myriapods
Crustacea…
…
…
What are species?
Species are a group of similar organisms that are capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring
What is the binomial system?
It is used by biologists to name organisms
Explain the two part name in the binomial system
Each species are known by a two part name
The first name is the genus, and the second name identifies a single species
How may closely related species look different?
If they live in different habitats
What are the 4 similar characteristics chimpanzees share with humans?
Have a backbone
Feed young with milk
Skin covered in hairs
Grasping hands
What is a hybrid?
Where the individuals of two closely related species can breed together. The offspring is a mixture of two different parents
How do bacteria reproduce?
Asexually
What is the concept of constant evolution?
That organism are slowly changing. They can eventually become new species
What does a food chain show?
A food chain shows what organisms can eat, and the flow of energy form one organism to the next
What is each link in the food chain called and why?
Each link in the food chain is a separate feeding level called a trophic level
What are producers?
They are organisms such as plants that can make their own food. These always start the food chain
What are consumers?
These are organisms that eat other organisms
What are herbivores? What are they known as? What link are they in the food chain?
Herbivores are animals that eat other animals. They are also know as primary consumers. They are the second link in the food chain.
What are carnivores? What are they known as? What link are they in the food chain?
These are animals that eat other animals. They are called secondary consumers. They are the third link in the food chain.
What are top carnivores
Top carnivores are animals that eat other animals
What are omnivores?
These are animals that eat both plant and animals meaning they are primary and secondary consumers
What are detrital food chains?
These are food chains that start with dead material or waste
What are the two feeding types in the detrital food chain?
Detritivores - organisms that eat dead material such as dry leaves
Decomposers - decay the bodies of other organisms, but they do not eat them
What is the difference between food chains and food webs?
Food chains show animals eating only one food source. Food webs are where animals may link to several food chains.
