B15-ecology

Question 1

Species

Answer 1

Animals that are the same species can breed together to produce fertile offspring

Question 2

Habitat

Answer 2

The place where an organism lives

Question 3

Community

Answer 3

A collection of plants and animals that share a habitat (different species)

Question 4

Population

Answer 4

The number of organisms of a certain species living in a habitat (same species)

Question 5

Competition

Answer 5

A situation where different organisms require the same resources

Question 6

Interdependent

Answer 6

A word that describes how organisms rely on each other

Question 7

An ecosystem

Answer 7

The interaction of a community of living organisms (biotic) with the non-living (abiotic) parts of their environment

Question 8

abiotic factors:

Answer 8

Light intensity, temperature, moisture levels, soil pH and mineral content, wind intensity and direction, the carbon dioxide levels for plants, the availability of oxygen for aquatic animals

Question 9

biotic factors:

Answer 9

Availability of food, new predators arriving, new pathogens, new competitors

Question 10

Investigating the population size of a plant species using random sampling

Answer 10

1.Collect two random numbers – these are your coordinates.
2. Use the numbers and the tape measures to locate the first position for
your quadrat.
3. Lay the quadrat on the ground.
4. Count and record the number of dandelions inside quadrat 2.
5. Collect two more numbers and use them to locate the next site.
6. Repeat steps 1 – 5 until you have recorded the numbers of plantain in 10
quadrats.

Question 11

Estimated population size:

Answer 11

Total area
——-x mean no. of organisms counted
Area sampled

Question 12

How a quadrat is used to estimate population size

Answer 12

You place the quadrat randomly in a field then count the number of daisies in the quadrat and repeat this process. Then you work out the total survey area and the total area sampled which is the amount of locations multiplied by the area of the quadrat. Then to find the estimated population size you do the survey area divided by the sample area and multiply that by the number of daisies.

Question 13

why it is important for samples to be random when estimating the population of an organism over an area of land.

Answer 13

Because it ensures that your results reflect the true distribution of the organisms and that any conclusions you will make will be valid.

Question 14

Investigating the distribution of a plant species using systematic sampling.

Answer 14

Lay your quadrat down next to the transect

2. Count and record the number of (daffodils) inside the quadrat
3. Move your quadrat along your transect to the next point
4. Count and record the number of (daffodils) inside the quadrat

Question 15

What sort of things do animals compete for?

2. For each of the above, give one example.

Answer 15

Food
Territory
Mates

Question 16

What sort of things do plants compete for?

2. For each of the above, give one example.

Answer 16

Light for photosynthesis, to make food(glucose)
Water for photosynthesis and for keeping their tissues rigid and supported
Nutrients (minerals) from the soil, to make all the chemicals they need in their cells
Space to grow, allowing their roots to take in water and nutrients and their leaves to capture light

Question 17

More info on adaption for animals+plants in work booklet

Answer 17

Look at it

Question 18

An electronic device to measure light intensity

Answer 18

Light meter